Shpengler Osvald (1880.29.5, Blankenburg, Gars \u2014 1936.8.5, Myun- xen) \u2014 nemis faylasufi, tarixchi, hayot falsafasi namoyandasi. Asosiy asari “Yevropaning so’nishi” (1918-22) katta muvaffaqiyat qozongandan so’ng tanilgan. 20-yillarda fashizmga yaqin yo’nalishdagi publisistik chiqishlar qilgan, ammo 1933 yil natsistlarning hamkorlik qilish to’g’risidagi takliflarini rad etgan. Shpenglerga Nisshe falsafasi hal qiluvchi ta’sir ko’rsatgan. Shpengler o’z qarashlarida cheksiz kengayib ketgan organik hayot tushunchasiga tayanadi. Madaniyatni u “organizm” sifatida talqin qiladi va yagona, umuminsoniy madaniyat yo’q va bo’lishi ham mumkin emas, deb hisoblaydi. Shpengler 8 ta madaniyatni: Misr, Hind, Bobil, Xitoy, “Apollon” (yunonrum), “afsungarlik” (Vizantiya-Arab), “Faust” (G’arbiy Yevropa) va Mayya madaniyatini ajratib ko’rsatadi; russibir madaniyati paydo bo’lishi kutilyapti, deb uqtiradi. Shpenglerga ko’ra, har bir madaniy “organizm”ga uning ichki hayotiy tsikliga bog’liq holda oldindan muayyan muddat (ming yilga yaqin) belgilab beriladi. Madaniyat o’lib borib o’rnini tsivilizasiya egallaydi. Madaniyatdan tsivilizasiyaga o’tish ijodkorlikdan unumsizlikka, tiklana borishdan qotib qolishga, qahramonona ishlardan oddiy ishga o’tishni anglatadi; yunonrum madaniyati uchun bu jarayon ellinizm davrida, G’arb dunyosi uchun esa \u2014 19-asrda ro’y berdi va uning “so’nishi” boshlandi. Shpenglerning fikricha, tsivilizasiya kirib kelishi bilan badiiy va adabiy ijodning keragi bo’lmay qoladi. Shuning uchun u madaniyatga doir narsalarni yig’ishtirib qo’yib, sof texnisizmga berilishni taklif etadi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Shpengler Osvald (1880.29.5, Blankenburg, Gars \u2014 1936.8.5, Myun- xen) \u2014 nemis faylasufi, tarixchi, hayot falsafasi namoyandasi. Asosiy asari “Yevropaning so’nishi” (1918-22) katta muvaffaqiyat qozongandan so’ng tanilgan. 20-yillarda fashizmga yaqin yo’nalishdagi … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[211],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-103361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sh-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=103361"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103361\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":103378,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103361\/revisions\/103378"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=103361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=103361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=103361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}