{"id":106647,"date":"2023-09-16T19:57:03","date_gmt":"2023-09-16T16:57:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=106647"},"modified":"2023-09-16T19:57:07","modified_gmt":"2023-09-16T16:57:07","slug":"rembrandt-xarmens-van-reyn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/rembrandt-xarmens-van-reyn\/","title":{"rendered":"Rembrandt Xarmens van Reyn"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Rembrandt Xarmens van Reyn (Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn) (1606.15.7, Leyden \u2014 1669.4.10, Amsterdam) \u2014 golland rassomi; golland va jahon realistik rangtasviriga kuchli ta&#8217;sir ko&#8217;rsatgan mo&#8217;yqalam, rasm va gravyura ustasi. Rembrandt ijodi voqelikni va inson ichki dunyosini uning barcha ruhiy kechinmalari bilan teran falsafiy idrok etish bilan yo&#8217;g&#8217;rilgan. Rembrandtning novatorlik san&#8217;ati obrazlarning hayotiyligi bilan ajralib turadi. Rembrandt Leyden universitetida qisqa muddat tahsil ko&#8217;rgach (1620), o&#8217;zini san&#8217;atga bag&#8217;ishladi. Leydenda Ya. Van Svanenbyurx (1620-23) va Amsterdamda P. Lastman (1623)dan rangtasvirni o&#8217;rgandi. 1625\u2014 31 yillar Leydenda ishladi, bu davr ijodiy izlanishlar davri bo&#8217;ldi. &#8220;Avliyo Pavel&#8221; (taxminan 1629-30) va &#8220;Simon ibodatxonada&#8221; (1631) asarlarida Rembrandt ilk bor obrazlarning ko&#8217;tarinki va hissiy jo&#8217;shqinligini ifodalashda nursoyani qo&#8217;lladi; portret ustida izlandi, ko&#8217;plab avtoportret va portretlar turkumini yaratdi. 1632 yildan Amsterdamda yashagan. 30-yillarda yaratgan asarlari (&#8220;doktor Tyulpning anatomiya darsi&#8221;, 1632; &#8220;Saskiya bilan avtoportret&#8221;, 1635 va boshqalar)da guruh portret yaratish masalasini yangicha hal etdi, hayot zavqi, kishilar kayfiyatini katta mahorat bilan ifodaladi. Buyurtma portretlarni o&#8217;ta aniq, ijtimoiy xususiyatlari bilan ishlagan rassom yaqinlarining portretlarini chizishda, asarning ruhiy va ta&#8217;sirchanligini oshirishda erkin ijod qildi. 40-yillarda Rembrandtning erkin intilishlari, realizmi, demokratikligi golland kiborlarining talablariga zid keladi, ayniqsa, vatanparvarlik kayfiyati aks etgan asarlari (jumladan, &#8220;tungi soqchilar&#8221;, 1642)dan keyin ziddiyat yanada kuchayadi. 40-yillarda Rembrandt ijodidagi tashqi ta&#8217;sirchanlik va unga xos bo&#8217;lgan jo&#8217;shqinlik yo&#8217;qoldi, sokin, iliqlik bilan yo&#8217;g&#8217;rilgan asarlar yaratildi (&#8220;David va Ionafan&#8221;, 1642; &#8220;muqaddas oila&#8221;, 1645 va boshqalar), ularda ichki kechinmalar, mehnat ahlining ko&#8217;rki, ma&#8217;naviy boyligi, tabiat manzarasi jozibador aks ettirildi. Rembrandt grafikasida ham rangtasvirida bo&#8217;lganidek nozik nursoya o&#8217;yini alohida emosional muhit yaratishda katta ahamiyatga ega bo&#8217;ldi (&#8220;bemorlarni davolayotgan Iso&#8221; yoki &#8220;100 guldenlik qog&#8217;oz&#8221; grafika varag&#8217;i, taxminan 1642\u2014 46; havo va nur harakatiga to&#8217;liq manzarali &#8220;Uch daraxt&#8221; oforti, 1643). 50-yillardagi hayotining og&#8217;ir sinovlari davrida Rembrandtning ijodiy barkamol davri namoyon bo&#8217;ldi. Ko&#8217;proq portret janriga murojaat qilgan rassom ijodida oddiy odamlar keng o&#8217;rin ola boshladi (2-xotini Xendrike Stoffels portretlari; &#8220;o&#8217;g&#8217;lim Titus mutolaada&#8221;, 1657; &#8220;Burgamistr Yan Siks&#8221; 1654 va boshqalar), armon va yo&#8217;qotishlarga to&#8217;liq keksalar hayoti uning diqqatini tortdi (&#8220;rassom akasining xotini&#8221;, 1654; &#8220;qizil kiyimdagi mo&#8217;ysafid&#8221;, taxminan 1652-54 va boshqalar), qo&#8217;l va yuz qiyofalariga e&#8217;tiborini qaratadi, obrazlarning qorong&#8217;ilikdan mayin nur og&#8217;ushida chiqib kelishi orqali rassom obrazlarning teran ruhiy holatini berishga erishadi. 60-yillarda Injil mavzuidagi kompozitsiyalarida o&#8217;ta dramatik holatlarga murojaat qiladi (&#8220;Assur, Aman va esfir&#8221;, 1660; &#8220;David va Uriya&#8221;, 1665 va boshqalar), &#8220;Adashgan o&#8217;g&#8217;ilning qaytishi&#8221; (taxminan 1668-69) asarida insonga xos anglash, qayg&#8217;urish va kechirimlilik hislarini ifodalagan. Rembrandt badiiy merosi o&#8217;ta rang-barangligi bilan ajralib turadi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rembrandt Xarmens van Reyn (Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn) (1606.15.7, Leyden \u2014 1669.4.10, Amsterdam) \u2014 golland rassomi; golland va jahon realistik rangtasviriga kuchli ta&#8217;sir ko&#8217;rsatgan mo&#8217;yqalam, rasm va gravyura ustasi. Rembrandt &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/rembrandt-xarmens-van-reyn\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[214],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-106647","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-r-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106647","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=106647"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106647\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":106649,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106647\/revisions\/106649"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=106647"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=106647"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=106647"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}