{"id":117279,"date":"2024-05-08T20:34:50","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T17:34:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=117279"},"modified":"2024-05-08T20:34:53","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T17:34:53","slug":"muste-madaniyati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/muste-madaniyati\/","title":{"rendered":"Muste madaniyati"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Muste madaniyati, m uste davri \u2014 ilk paleolit davriningeng so&#8217;nggi madaniyati (mil. AV. 150-40 ming yillik). 19-a.ning 60-y.larida frantsuz arxeologi g. Mortile Frantsiyaning Jan.-g&#8217;arbidagi Le-muste (Le Moustier) g&#8217;oridan suyak va tosh qurollar topganli- gi uchun shu nom b-n yuritiladi. Bu davr- da yashagan odamlar ne-andertallar nomi b-n fanga kirgan. M.m. uchun gardishsi- mon nukleus va 3 burchakli tosh parrakcha- lar xos bo&#8217;lib, ular yog&#8217;och yo&#8217;nish, ishlash, kiyim va qurol tayyorlashda ishlatilgan. Muste davrida nayzasimon tosh qurol, o&#8217;roq, randa, qumtosh yoki ohaktoshdan yasalgan sharlar, M.m.ning oxirida esa keskich asboblar \u2014 qirg&#8217;ich, pichoq hamda suyak qurollar paydo bo&#8217;lgan. Muste davrida odamning jismonii qiyofasi takomillasha borgan. Qad. odam (pite- kantrop va sinantrop) o&#8217;zgarib, hoz. tip- dagi odamga yaqinroq bo&#8217;lgan neandertal shakliga kiradi. Bu odam miyasida nutq markazi yuzaga keladi hamda uning jis- monii qiyofasi o&#8217;zgara boradi, bu uning ish vaqtida erkin harakat qilishini ta&#8217;minlaydi. Olovni saqlab qo&#8217;yishdan uni ishqalash yo&#8217;li b-n hosil qilishga o&#8217;tilishi muste davrining muhim yutug&#8217;idir. Toshni ishlashda levallua tex- nikasidan foydalanilgan. M.m.da g&#8217;or va ochiq manzil-gohlarda neandertal odam- lar yashab, mamont, ayiq, shim. bug&#8217;usi kabi hayvonlarni ovlab, iste&#8217;mol qilishgan hamda terimchilik b-n shug&#8217;ullangan. Mu- ste davri qarorgohlarida o&#8217;choq, kuygan suyak va kabrlar uchraydi. Qabrlar va ular- dan topilgan buyumlar dafn marosimla- rida diniy e&#8217;tiqodlar turila boshla- ganini ko&#8217;rsatadi. M.m. yod-gorliklari Evropa, Afrika, Yaqin Sharqda, Rossi- yaning Evropa qismida, Kavkaz, O&#8217;rta Osiyo va Qozog&#8217;istonda topib tekshiril- gan. O&#8217;zbekistonda \u2014 Surxondaryo (Te- shiktosh g&#8217;ori), Samarqand (Omonqo&#8217;ton g&#8217;ori, Qo&#8217;tirbuloq ma-koni, Zirabuloq, Xo&#8217;jamazgil makoni), Toshkent viloya- ti (Obirahmat g&#8217;ori, Ko&#8217;lbuloq makoni, Xo&#8217;jakent makoni, Paltov), Farg&#8217;ona vo- diysi (Qal&#8217;acha makonlari, So&#8217;x daryosi- dagi makonlar), Navoiy viloyati (Uchtut) da M.m. yodgorliklari topilgan va tek- shirilgan. Hoz. vaqtda O&#8217;rta Osiyoda ne- andertal zamondoshlari yashagan makon- lar 90 dan ortiq joyda uchratilgan. Ad.: O&#8217;zbekiston xalqlari tarixi, 1-j., T.. 1992.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Muste madaniyati, m uste davri \u2014 ilk paleolit davriningeng so&#8217;nggi madaniyati (mil. AV. 150-40 ming yillik). 19-a.ning 60-y.larida frantsuz arxeologi g. Mortile Frantsiyaning Jan.-g&#8217;arbidagi Le-muste (Le Moustier) g&#8217;oridan suyak va &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/muste-madaniyati\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[217],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-117279","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-m-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117279","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=117279"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117279\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":117290,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117279\/revisions\/117290"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=117279"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=117279"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=117279"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}