{"id":117399,"date":"2024-05-08T21:06:19","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T18:06:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=117399"},"modified":"2024-05-08T21:06:22","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T18:06:22","slug":"modernizm-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/modernizm-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Modernizm"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Modernizm &#8211; 1) 19-a.ning 2-yarmi -20 a. ning 50-60-y.larida Evropa, AQSh adabiyoti va san&#8217;atida rivoj top- gan oqim va yo&#8217;nalishlarning umumiy nomi. Dastlab, Frantsiyada tashkil top- tan simvolizm, akmeizm, impressio- nizm (mas, 1863 y.da Parijda ochilgan &#8220;Xo&#8217;rlanganlar saloni&#8221;) vakillari, musiqada K.Debyussi, M.Ravel kabi kom- pozitorlar ijodiga nisbatan qo&#8217;llangan. M. dekadentlik termini b-n ham yuri- tilgan. Badiiy ijodning mumtoz an&#8217;a- nalaridan voz kechish, ijodkor o&#8217;z shaxsiy kechinma, taassurot va tasavvurlarini ustun qo&#8217;yishi, badiiy shakllarni yangi- lash jarayoniga alo-hida ahamiyat berish ular ijodiga xos bo&#8217;lgan xususiyatlardir. M. vakillari realizmga karshi kurashdi, klassisizm (akademizm)ga xos bo&#8217;lgan ijodiy tamoyillarni inkor etishga in- tildi. M. nafaqat mazkur davr san&#8217;ati, balki ilm (3. Freydning psixoanaliz nazariyasi, F. De Sossyurning struktu- ral lingvistikasi, A.Eynshteynning nisbiylik nazariyasi, N. Vinerning ki- bernetikasi) va falsafa (F. Nisshe, A. Bergson, M. Xaydegger va b.ning g&#8217;oyalari) b-n ham bog&#8217;liq bo&#8217;lgan. 20-a. boshida rivoj topgan Avangar- dizm yo&#8217;nalishlarida 19-a. M. printsi- plari o&#8217;z rivojini topdi. M.ning yangi bosqich xususiyatlari tasviriy san&#8217;at- da an&#8217;anaviy tasvirlash usullaridan butunlay voz kechish, Real obrazlar sha- klini o&#8217;zgartirish yoki umuman yo&#8217;qotish (kubizm, ekspressionizm, syurrealizm, dadaizm) kabi ko&#8217;rinishlarda namoyon bo&#8217;lgan. Musiqada M. kuy va lad tamoy- illarini inkor etish (dodekafoniya, aleatorika, sonoristika), adabiyotda \u2014 bayonning mantiqsizligiga asoslanish (dadaizm, ong oqimi, futurizm) etakchi omilga aylangan. M.ning eng yirik na- zariyotchisi Ortega-i-Gas-set san&#8217;atning xalqchilligiga qarshi chiqtsi: &#8220;moderni- stik san&#8217;at&#8230; xalqqa begonadir, buning ustiga u xalqqa&#8230; zid ekan. Haqiqiy san&#8217;- at san&#8217;atkorlar uchun, omma uchun emas&#8230;&#8221;. Bu ijodiy qarashlar 20-a.ning 2-yarmida tashkil topgan abstrakt san&#8217;at, minima- lizm, absurd drama kabi postmodernism yo&#8217;nalishlarida ham o&#8217;z aksini topdi. 1960-70 y.lar san&#8217;atida paydo bo&#8217;lgan M.ning asosiy tamoyillariga qarshi bo&#8217;lgan pop-Art, op-Art, kinetik san&#8217;at, giperrealizm kabi yo&#8217;nalishlarni ba&#8217;zi tadqiqotchilar M. tizimi nuqtai nazari- dan baholashgan. M. O&#8217;zbekistonga 20-a. boshlaridayoq kirib kelgan (A. Nyurenberg, V. Ufimtsev, A. Volkov, A. Nikolaev, O&#8217;. Tansiqboev va b.). 1970-y.lar oxiridan M.ning ko&#8217;rinishlari ayrim o&#8217;zbekistonlik ras- somlar ijodida ko&#8217;zga tashlanadi (mas, abstrakt san&#8217;at \u2014 V. Oxunov, N. Shin; giperrealizm \u2014 A. Ikromjonov, S. Rax- Metov kabi). O&#8217;zbek adabiyotshunoslari esa M.ga xos ayrim unsurlar 1920-30 y.lar adabiyotida ko&#8217;zga tashlanganini, bu jarayon 1990-y.larda nisbatan kuchayga- nini ta&#8217;kidlaydilar; 2) salbiy ma&#8217;no- da \u2014 ijodda modanint ustunligi, ya&#8217;ni ijodiy uslublar mohiyati, badiiy asar- lar mazmunining tez-tez o&#8217;zgarib turuvchi badiiy ehtiyoj va didlarga bo&#8217;ysunishi. Shu ma&#8217;noda (modaga bo&#8217;ysunadigan) M. haqiqiy novatorlik, yangilanish jarayo- niga qarama-qarshidir. Ad.: Modernizm, M., 1980; Groys B., Utopiya i obmen, M., 1993. Ne&#8217;mat Abdullaev, Olimjon Bekov, Bahodir Karimov.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Modernizm &#8211; 1) 19-a.ning 2-yarmi -20 a. ning 50-60-y.larida Evropa, AQSh adabiyoti va san&#8217;atida rivoj top- gan oqim va yo&#8217;nalishlarning umumiy nomi. Dastlab, Frantsiyada tashkil top- tan simvolizm, akmeizm, impressio- &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/modernizm-2\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[217],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-117399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-m-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117399","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=117399"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117399\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":117402,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117399\/revisions\/117402"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=117399"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=117399"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=117399"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}