Platina metallari, platino- idlar \u2014 Mendeleev davriy sistemasi- ning VIII guruhiga mansub 6 ta kimyoviy elementdan iborat oila. P.m.ga ruteniy Ru (tartib raqami 44), rodiy Rh (45), palladiy Pd(46) \u2014 e n gil P.m., osmiy Os (76), iridiy 1g(77), platina Pt(78) \u2014 og’ir P.m. kiradi. Kimyoviy turg’unligi, suyuqlanish t-rasining yuqoriligi va tashqi ko’rinishining ko’rkamligi sabab- li P.m. oltin va kumush b-n bir qatorda no-dir metallar deb ataladi. Er po’stida massa jihatidan platina 5-10^7%, OS- miy 5-10~6%, iridiy 1-10~7%, rute- niy 5-10~7%, rodiy 1-10~7% va palla- diy 1-10~6%ni tashkil qiladi. 100 dan ortiq P.m. minerallari ma’lum. Ular 2 xil: tug’ma palladiy va platina hamda turli qotishmalar. P.m.ning ikkilamchi manbalariga tog’-boyitish korxonalari- ning chiqindilari, ishlatilgan kataliza- torlar va b. kiradi. Palladiy, ruteniy va Rodiyning ba’zi izotoplari uran va plutoniyning parchalanish mahsulotlari tarkibida yadro re-aktorlarida yigila- Di. P.m. \u2014 kumush-dek oq yoki kumushsi- mon, qiyin suyuqlanadigan, qiyin uchuv- Chan elementlar. Mexanik xossalariga ko’ra, ular bir-biridan sezilarli Far- klanadi: platina \u2014 yumshoq, plastik, uni ingichka sim qilib cho’zish, zar kabi yoyish mumkin; palladiy ham plastik, OS- miy va ruteniy \u2014 mo’rt, iridiy \u2014 qattiq va mustaxkam. Palladiyning oksidla- nish darajasi +2, platinaniki +2, +4 va +6, iridiyniki +2 va +3, osmiyniki +4, +6 va +8, rodiyniki +3, rute-niyniki +3, +4 va +8. Palladiy (800 hajmgacha) va platina (nisbatan kamroq) ko’p mikdor- da vodorod molekulasini yutish va uni kimyoviy reak-tsiyalar jarayonida atom holida ajra-tib chiqarish xususiyatiga ega. Shu sababli ular organik sintez- larda katalizator sifatida ishlatiladi. P.m. va ularning qotishmalari gidro- genlash, degidrogenlash va oksidlash ja- rayonlarida katalizator, krtishmalarda legirlovchi qo’shimcha sifatida, yuqori t-ralarda qo’llanadigan termo-paralar, qarshilik termometrlari, elektr pechlar qismlari, kimyoviy barqaror idishlar, elektrodlar, tibbiyot asboblari, krpla- malar, zargarlik buyumlari va b. tayyor- lashda ishlatiladi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Platina metallari, platino- idlar \u2014 Mendeleev davriy sistemasi- ning VIII guruhiga mansub 6 ta kimyoviy elementdan iborat oila. P.m.ga ruteniy Ru (tartib raqami 44), rodiy Rh (45), palladiy Pd(46) \u2014 … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[226],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-p-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118121","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118121"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118121\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":118122,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118121\/revisions\/118122"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118121"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118121"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118121"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}