Piktografiya (lot. pictus \u2014 chi- zilgan, tasvirlangan va …grafiya) \u2014 yozuvning rivojlanish bosqichlaridan, fo-netik yozuvdan oldingi yozuv turi: muayyan axborot mazmunini biron-bir rasm yoki qat’iy ketma-ket kelgan rasm- larda aks ettirish usuli. Amerika in- deyslari, tropik Afrika xalkdari, Avstraliya va Okeaniya tub aholisi, Si- birdagi ayrim elatlar (yukagir, Nanay va b.) orasida tarqalgan va xatto 20-a. gacha amal qilib kelgan. P.ning kad. namuna- lari paleolitga (ayrim olimlarning fikricha \u2014 neolitga) mansubdir. Garchi, shuni aytish kerakki, paleolit davrida- gi suratlar b-n P. orasiga chega-ra qo’yish mumkin emas. P. belgilari \u2014 Pikto- grammalar fonetik yozuv belgilaridan shu b-n farq qiladiki, ular aniq til birligiga bog’liq emas va ular xohlagan tilda xoxlagancha talqin qilina-Di: bir piktogramma muayyan bir so’z, uning si- nonimi, so’z birikmasi, bir necha ma’no- ga ega bo’lgan ran yoki bir necha ran tarzida “o’qilishi” mumkin. Piktogrammalar tipologik jixatdan 2 ga: tasvirlanayotgan tushuncha yoki pred- metlar b-n o’xshash bo’lgan (mas, quyosh bel- gisi “quyosh”, “kunduz” va “kun” tushun – chalarini anglatadi) va ramziy, shartli (genetik jihatdan 1-turdagi piktogram- malardan kelib chiqqan, lekin ob’ekt b-n o’xshashligi yo’qolgan) piktogrammalarga ajraladi. Piktografik axborot birgina murakkab belgidan yoki bir necha sodda piktogrammalarning qat’iy ketma-ket- ligidan iborat bo’lishi mumkin. P. key- inchalik ieroglifik hamda fonetik yozuv- larning kelib chiqishiga asos bo’lgan. Hoz. madaniy jamiyatda ham P. yordam- chi aloqa vositasi sifatida, mas, yo’l bel- gilari tizimida, ko’rgazmalar va xalqaro musobaqalardagi ko’rsatkichlar sifatida qo’llanadi (ko’p tillilik sharoitida yoki aksar aholi savodsiz bo’lgan hollarda bu narsa katta ahamiyatga egadir). Anvar Ismoilov, Abduvahob Madva- liev.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Piktografiya (lot. pictus \u2014 chi- zilgan, tasvirlangan va …grafiya) \u2014 yozuvning rivojlanish bosqichlaridan, fo-netik yozuvdan oldingi yozuv turi: muayyan axborot mazmunini biron-bir rasm yoki qat’iy ketma-ket kelgan rasm- larda aks … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[226],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-p-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118134","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118134"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118134\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":118142,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118134\/revisions\/118142"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118134"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118134"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}