{"id":118220,"date":"2024-05-09T11:50:32","date_gmt":"2024-05-09T08:50:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=118220"},"modified":"2024-05-09T11:50:36","modified_gmt":"2024-05-09T08:50:36","slug":"pasternak-boris-leonidovich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/pasternak-boris-leonidovich\/","title":{"rendered":"Pasternak Boris Leonidovich"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Pasternak Boris Leonidovich [1890.29.1(10.2), Moskva &#8211; 1960.30.5, Moskva viloyati Peredelkino qishlog&#8217;i] \u2014 rus shoiri. San&#8217;atkor oilasida tug&#8217;ilgan. Bolalik va yoshlik yillarida tasviriy san&#8217;at va musiqa kompozisiyasi b-n qiziqqan. 1909 y. musiqachilik kas- bidan voz kechib, Moskva un-tining ta- rix-falsafa f-tiga o&#8217;qishga kirgan. 1912 y. Germa-niyaga borib, Mar-burg un-tida bir semestr o&#8217;qigan. Ammo ko&#8217;p o&#8217;tmay, faylasuflik istiqbolidan ham voz ke- chib, she&#8217;riyat b-n shug&#8217;ullana boshlagan. &#8220;Bulutlar orasidagi egizak&#8221; (1914) nomli birinchi she&#8217;riy to&#8217;plami nashr etilgan. 1917 y. to&#8217;ntarishi arafasida u futuristlar b-n aloqa o&#8217;rnatib, ular ta&#8217;siriga beriladi. Biroq boshqa Fu- turistlardan farqdi o&#8217;laroq, P. o&#8217;tmish va &#8220;eski&#8221; madaniyatdan yuz o&#8217;girmay, 19-a. rus (M.Yu. Lermontov, F.I.Tyutchev) va nemis (R.M.Rilke) falsafiy li-rikasi an&#8217;analarini davom ettiradi. &#8220;Hayot me- ning hamshiram&#8221; (1917) she&#8217;rida P. she&#8217;- riyatining muhim xususiyatlaridan biri \u2014 tabiat olami, hayot b-n uzviylik ilk bor ko&#8217;zga tashlanadi. 20-y.lardan bosh- lab P. she&#8217;riyatida li-Rikadan epos sari intilish tamoyili seziladi va u &#8220;to&#8217;qqiz yuz beshinchi yil&#8221;, &#8220;leytenant Shmidt&#8221; dostonlarida lirik tafakkurdan epik tafakkurga o&#8217;ta boshlaydi. P. urush va inqiloblar davridagi inson taqdiriga ba-g&#8217;ishlangan &#8220;samoviy yo&#8217;llar&#8221; (1924\u2014 33) nasriy kitobi hamda &#8220;Sikorskiy&#8221; she&#8217;riy romanida voqeiy syujetga qarshi o&#8217;laroq tabiat olami va muhabbat b-n bog&#8217;liq syujetni o&#8217;rtaga tashlaydi. P. Bu asarlarida inqilob oldida turgan yuksak maqsadni tan olgani holda maqsadga eri- shishning inqilobiy zulm va zo&#8217;ravonlik yo&#8217;lini keskin inkor etadi. 30-y.lar- ning o&#8217;rtalarida \u2014 40-y.larda yaratgan asarlarida (&#8220;san&#8217;atkor&#8221;, 1936; &#8220;barvaqt yurgan poezdlar&#8221;, 1931) P. obrazlar tizi-mini soddalashtirib, rus klassiklariga xos &#8220;Ravshan uslub&#8221;ga o&#8217;ta boshlagan. P. qariyb butun ijodi davomida na- sriy asarlar yaratishga ham katta e&#8217;ti- bor bergan. U urushdan keyingi yillarda &#8220;Doktor Jivago&#8221; (1957, Milan) romani- ni yozib, unda shaxsiy hayot b-n ijtimoiy borliq o&#8217;rtasida arosatda qolgan Sergey Sikorskiyga qondosh rus ziyolisining obrazini yaratgan. U ushbu romanda so- vet davri yozuvchilari orasida birinchi bo&#8217;lib inqilob g&#8217;oyasini rad etgan va ja- miyatni ijtimoiy jihatdan qayta qurish mumkinligiga shubha bildirgan. Mazkur asar P.ning totalitar tuzum tomonidan tazyiq ostiga olinishiga sabab bo&#8217;lgan. P. 50-60-y.larda &#8220;yayragan chog&#8217;ingda&#8221; (1956-59) she&#8217;rlar turkumi, &#8220;odamlar va holatlar&#8221; (1957), &#8220;ko&#8217;r sohib-Jamol&#8221; (1969 y. nashr etilgan) drama-tik do- stonlarini yozgan. Shekspir, Gyote, Shel- li, Verlen, Petyofi va b. Shoirlarning asarlarini rus tiliga tarjima qilgan. Nobel mukofoti la-ureati (1958). As: Stixotvoreniya i poemi, M.\u2014L., 1965; Vozdushnie puti. Proza raznix let, M., 1982. Naim Karimov.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pasternak Boris Leonidovich [1890.29.1(10.2), Moskva &#8211; 1960.30.5, Moskva viloyati Peredelkino qishlog&#8217;i] \u2014 rus shoiri. San&#8217;atkor oilasida tug&#8217;ilgan. Bolalik va yoshlik yillarida tasviriy san&#8217;at va musiqa kompozisiyasi b-n qiziqqan. 1909 y. &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/pasternak-boris-leonidovich\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[226],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118220","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-p-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118220","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118220"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118220\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":118221,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118220\/revisions\/118221"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118220"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118220"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118220"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}