{"id":123801,"date":"2024-05-14T20:25:13","date_gmt":"2024-05-14T17:25:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=123801"},"modified":"2024-05-14T20:25:17","modified_gmt":"2024-05-14T17:25:17","slug":"komil-xorazmiy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/komil-xorazmiy\/","title":{"rendered":"Komil Xorazmiy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Komil Xorazmiy (taxallu- si; asl ismi Paqlavon Muhammadniyoz Abdulla Oxund o&#8217;g&#8217;li) (1825 \u2014 Xiva \u2014 1899) \u2014 o&#8217;zbek shoiri, xattot, musiqashunos, tarjimon va davlat arbo- bi. Jahon madaniyatining Xorazmdagi ilk targ&#8217;ibotchilaridan biri. Xiva ma- drasasida o&#8217;qigan. Arab va fors tillari- ni mukammal bilgan. Sharq adabiyoti na- moyandalari ijodini, mumtoz musiqani, xattotlik sirlarini qunt b-n o&#8217;rgangan. 25-30 yoshlarida shoir sifatida ta- nilgan. Ogahiy uning nomini o&#8217;zining &#8220;Gulshani davlat&#8221; kitobiga kiritgan. Xiva xoni Sayd Muhammadxon saroyida kotiblik qilgan. Muhammad Rahim II uni mirzaboshilik vazifasiga ko&#8217;targan. Ros &#8211; siya b-n Xiva xonligi o&#8217;rtasida imzolan- gan sulh shartnomasi (Gandimiyon shar- tnomasi) K.X. qo&#8217;li b-n yozilgan (1873). So&#8217;ngra saroyda devonbegi (1873-80), mirzaboshi lavozimlarida ishlagan (1880 y.dan). Xorazmda birinchi bo&#8217;lib bosmaxona tashqil etgan (1880-81). K.X. Sharq mumtoz musiqasi, xususan, maqomchilik an&#8217;analarini rivojlanti- rishga homiylik qilgan, o&#8217;zbek kuylari- ni yozib olish uchun &#8220;tanbur chizig&#8217;i&#8221; deb ataluvchi nota tizimini joriy etgan. Bu o&#8217;ziga xos notada &#8220;rost&#8221; maqomining bosh qismini yozgan. O&#8217;g&#8217;li Mirzo Muhammadrasul otasi boshlagan ishni da- vom ettirib, Xorazm &#8220;Shashmaqom&#8221;ining qolgan ashula va cholg&#8217;u yo&#8217;llarini to&#8217;la notaga olgan. &#8220;Rost&#8221; maqomiga bog&#8217;langan &#8220;Murabbai Komil&#8221; va &#8220;Peshravi Fero&#8217;z&#8221; kuylarining notasi bizgacha etib kel- gan. K.X. Moskva va Peterburg sh.lariga 2 marta safar qilgan (1873, 1883). 1891, 1896\u2014 97 y.larda esa Toshkentga kelib, bu erdagi madaniy yangiliklar haqidagi &#8220;Dar bayoni ta&#8217;rif va tavsif Toshkand&#8221; (&#8220;Toshkent ta&#8217;rifi va tavsifi bayoni- da&#8221;) qasidasini bitgan. Bu qasida o&#8217;zbek adabiyotida ijtimoiy taraqqiyotni aks ettirgan dastlabki yirik she&#8217;riy asar- lardan bo&#8217;lib, unda yangi, zamonaviy ma- daniyat ulug&#8217;lanadi. K.X. Sharq mumtoz shoirlari an&#8217;- analari ruhida lirik she&#8217;rlar yozgan, devon tuzgan. Bu devonda 8000 misradan ortiq she&#8217;r bo&#8217;lib, ular g&#8217;azal, murabba, muhammas, musaddas, masnaviy, ruboiy, qasida, muammo kabi janrlarda yozil- gan. Ularda chin insoniy fazilatlar ulug&#8217;langan, jaholat qoralangan, ishq- muhabbat tarannum etilgan. K.X.ning deyarli barcha janrdagi asarlarida ij- timoiy tanqidga keng o&#8217;rin berilgan, ayrim misralari aforizm darajasiga ko&#8217;tarilgan (&#8220;falak zulmi bir yonu, bir yon alar&#8230;&#8221;va b.). Shayx Sulaymon Buxo- riy o&#8217;zining mashhur &#8220;lug&#8217;oti chig&#8217;atoyi va turki Usmoniy&#8221; (&#8220;Chig&#8217;atoycha va Usmoniy turkcha lug&#8217;at&#8221;) asarida K.X.ning ijodi- dan o&#8217;rinli foydalangan va Xorazm sheva- sidagi ko&#8217;pchilik so&#8217;zlarning ma&#8217;nosini uning she&#8217;rlari orqali izohlab bergan. K.X. 1865 y.da barxurdor bin Mahmud turkman Farohiynmng (adabiy taxal- Lusi mumtoz) &#8220;Mahbub ul-qulub&#8221; (bu asar ayrim manbalarda &#8220;Mahfiloro&#8221; \u2014 &#8220;Majlisga ziynat beruvchi&#8221; deb ham yuritiladi) hamda 1869-70 y.larda Faxriddin Ali Sayfiyning &#8220;Latoy- if at-tavoyif&#8221; (&#8220;turli toifalarning latifalari&#8221;) asarlarini fors tilidan o&#8217;zbek tiliga tarjima qilgan. Alisher Navoiy &#8220;Hamsa&#8221;sining birinchi xo- razm toshbosma nashriga so&#8217;zboshi yozgan. K.X. devoni qo&#8217;lyozmalari O&#8217;zbekiston FA Sharqshunoslik in-ti qo&#8217;lyozmalar fondida saqlanadi (inv. \u21161849, 1025). M.Yunusov, F.Karimov, A.Hayitmetov, va b. olimlar K.X. ijodini tadqiq etgan- lar. As: Devon. T., 1975. Ad.: Yunusov M., Komil Xorazmiy, T., 1960; asrlar nidosi [majmua], T., 1982.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Komil Xorazmiy (taxallu- si; asl ismi Paqlavon Muhammadniyoz Abdulla Oxund o&#8217;g&#8217;li) (1825 \u2014 Xiva \u2014 1899) \u2014 o&#8217;zbek shoiri, xattot, musiqashunos, tarjimon va davlat arbo- bi. Jahon madaniyatining Xorazmdagi ilk &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/komil-xorazmiy\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[201],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-123801","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-k-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123801","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=123801"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123801\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":123809,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123801\/revisions\/123809"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=123801"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=123801"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=123801"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}