Transkripsiya (biologiyada) tirik hujayralarda irsiy axborot amalga oshirilishining birinchi bosqichi; DNK matrisasi asosida iRNK molekulasi sintezlanishi. DNK ga tobe Rnkpolimeraza fermenti vositasida amalga oshadi. Ferment T.ning boshlanish joyi \u2014 promotorni tanib, unga birikadi; DNK qo’sh zanjirini bir-biridan ajratadi va bu joydan boshlab, DNK zanjirlarining biridan nusxa oladi. Buning uchun ferment DNK zanjirlaridan biri bo’ylab siljib boradi va komplementarlik printsipi asosida tsitoplazmadagi erkin nukleotidlarni o’zaro tutashtirib i RNK zanjirini hosil qiladi. Ferment siljib borishi bilan iRNK uzunligi ortib borib, DNK zanjiridan uziladi; fermentning keyingi qismida DNK qo’sh spirali yana tiklanadi. Rnkpolimeraza fermenti nusxa ko’chirilayotgan DNK qismining oxiri (Terminator)ga etganida sintezlangan RNK matrisa (qolip)dan ajraladi. DNK qismlari har xil joyidan olinadigan nusxalar soni organism rivojlanishi davomida o’zgarib turishi mumkin. Katta samara beradigan inisiasiya (boshlanish) uchun ko’pincha promotorga nazorat qiluvchi oqsillar (mas., aktivator oqsillar)ning ulanishi lozim. Prokariotlarda iniasiya bosqichidagi boshqarilishda oqsilrepressorlar qatnashishi mumkin. T.ning oxirini Rnkpolimeraza, boshqa qismini maxsus oqsil “ro” tanib oladi. T.ning terminasiya bosqichqdagi boshqarilishda antiterminator oqsillar va oqsil sintezi apparati komponentlari katnashadi. Eukariotlarda ribosomal, informasion va transport RNK sintezi uchun alog’ida Rnkpolimeraza fermenti mavjud. T. birligi skripton yoki operonlar o’zaro funktsional bog’langan bir necha genlardan iborat. Eukariotlarda bu genlar har doim monogen bo’ladi. Shish qosil qiladigan viruslarda teskari transkriptaza (revertaza) fermenti yordamida axborot RNK dan DNK ga o’tkazilishi mumkin. Bu jarayon teskari T. deyiladi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Transkripsiya (biologiyada) tirik hujayralarda irsiy axborot amalga oshirilishining birinchi bosqichi; DNK matrisasi asosida iRNK molekulasi sintezlanishi. DNK ga tobe Rnkpolimeraza fermenti vositasida amalga oshadi. Ferment T.ning boshlanish joyi \u2014 promotorni … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[187],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-132794","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-t-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/132794","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=132794"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/132794\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":132804,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/132794\/revisions\/132804"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=132794"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=132794"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=132794"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}