Geteroploidiya (Yun. getero…, plos bu erda \u2014 karrali va eidos \u2014 tur), aneuploidiya, polisemiya \u2014 organism hujayralarida xromosomalar sonining galloid soniga karrali bo’lmagan holda o’zgarishi. Geteroploidlarning yashovchan- ligi sust bo’ladi. G. odamda, drozofilada, g’o’za, bangidevona, g’alladoshlar va b.da topilgan. G’o’zada xromosomalar (x)ning asosiy soni \u2014 13. Poliploid turlar- ning somatik hujayralaridagi xromoso- malar soni 2p=52 b-n, asosiy son bo’yicha esa ular tetraploid 4p=52 tarzida bel- gilanadi. Diploid turlar 2p=2x=26 ga ega. Somatik hujayralari 52 ta xromoso- Mali g’o’zalar meyozda 26 ta bivalentlar (ikkita gomologik xromosomalar) hosil qiladi va to’plamdagi har bir xromoso- masi o’z juftiga ega bo’lgan disomik (2p) hisoblanadi. To’plamda bitta xromosoma etishmagan (2p\u20141) holda monosomiklar vujudga keladi; bunday o’simliklarning somatik hujayralarida 51 ta xromosoma mavjudligi sababli meyozda 25 ta Biva- lent + 1 ta univalent (yakka xromosoma), ya’ni 252+1′ hosil qiladi. Ikki gomo- logik xromosoma (2p\u20142) ning etish- masligidan nullisomik (2p\u2014 2=50; 252) lar shakllanadi. Asosiy to’plamga bitta xromosomaning qo’shilishidan trisomik (2p+1=53; 252+12+|), ikki- ta xromosoma qo’shilishidan tetraso- mik (2p+2=54; 252+2+12+2 yoki 252+14) lar paydo bo’ladi. Agar nullisomik- da bir juft gomologik xromosoma etishmasligi kuzatilsa, monosomik- da bitta (q. Gemizigotapik), Triva te- trasomiklarda uch va to’rtgacha juft- siz xromosomalar uchraydi. Juftdagi xromosomalardan birining yoki butun bir juftning yo’qolishi yoki, aksincha, qo’shilishi g’o’zaning fenotipida ma’lum o’zgarishlarga sabab bo’ladi [mas, changi gammanurlar b-n nurlantirilganidan so’ng olingan “pakana” radiomutanti ko’pgina miqdoriy va sifat belgilari- ning o’zgarganligi hamda aneuploid son- dagi xromosomalari b-n farq qiladi]. Somatik va jinsiy hujayralardagi ay- Rim juft xromosomalarning qutblarga ajralishidagi buzilishlar g.ga sabab bo’ladi. Shuning uchun g. meyotik va mi- totik bo’lishi mumkin (q. Meyoz, Mitoz). G. yordamida genotipdagi ayrim xro- mosomalar va genlarning irsiy ahamiyati, genotip evolyusiyasi, mono- som va nullisom genetik taxdil yo’li b-n turli belgilarning irsiylani- shi, xromosomalarning navlararo va yot turlararo almashinishi o’rganiladi. Abdusamat Egamberdiev.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Geteroploidiya (Yun. getero…, plos bu erda \u2014 karrali va eidos \u2014 tur), aneuploidiya, polisemiya \u2014 organism hujayralarida xromosomalar sonining galloid soniga karrali bo’lmagan holda o’zgarishi. Geteroploidlarning yashovchan- ligi sust bo’ladi. … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[210],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-135153","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-g-harfi-2","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135153","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=135153"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135153\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":135169,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135153\/revisions\/135169"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=135153"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=135153"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=135153"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}