GETEROSIKLIK BIRIKMALAR (getero… va Yun. kyklos \u2014 halqa) \u2014 molekulasida halqa saqlaydigan va bu halqada ugleroddan tashqari bir yoki bir nechta boshqa elementlarning atom- lari (geteroatomlar)ni tutadigan or- ganik moddalar. Halqasida azot (N), kislorod (o), oltingugurt (S) tutadigan G.b. katta ahamiyatga ega bo’lib, ularga nuklein kislotalar, oqsillar va b. mo- lekulalari tuzilishida ishtirok etadi- gan alkaloidlar, vitaminlar, antibio- tiklar va tabiiy pigmentlar kiradi. Xalqaro nomenklaturaga asosan muhim G.b.ning trivial nomlari saqlanib qolgan, mas, pirrol (I), furan (II), ti- ofen (III). Halqasida 3 tadan 10 tagacha atom tutgan monosiklik g.b.ning nom- lari ulardagi geteroatomlar (N \u2014 aza, O \u2014 oksa, S \u2014 TIA, R \u2014 fosfa va h.k.) ni, a’zolarining sonini, halqalarning to’yingan yoki to’yinmaganligini e’ti- borga olgan holda tuziladi mas, aziri- din (IV), tiiren (V), tiet (VI), 1,3 diok- Solan (VII), pergidropirimidin (VIII). 5 va 6 a’zoli to’yinmagan g.b. aromatic xossaga ega bo’lganligi sababli Gete- roaromatik birikmalar deb ataladi. Ular (mas, tiofen, pirrol, piridin) ning kimyoviy xossalari benzol va uning hosilalariga o’xshashdir. G.b.ga ko’pchina moddalar, mas, furan guruhiga furfurol (plastmassa i.ch.da ishlatiladigan xom ashyo), pirrol hosilasiga o’simliklar xlorofili va qon Gemini kiradi. G.b. o’simlik va tirik organizm hayot faoli- yatida muhim ahamiyatga ega. Tibbiyotda qo’llaniladigan doridarmonlarning de- yarli yarmi g.b.dan iborat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
GETEROSIKLIK BIRIKMALAR (getero… va Yun. kyklos \u2014 halqa) \u2014 molekulasida halqa saqlaydigan va bu halqada ugleroddan tashqari bir yoki bir nechta boshqa elementlarning atom- lari (geteroatomlar)ni tutadigan or- ganik moddalar. … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[210],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-135184","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-g-harfi-2","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135184","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=135184"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135184\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":135201,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135184\/revisions\/135201"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=135184"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=135184"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=135184"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}