{"id":16917,"date":"2022-02-06T18:47:20","date_gmt":"2022-02-06T15:47:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=16917"},"modified":"2022-02-06T18:47:21","modified_gmt":"2022-02-06T15:47:21","slug":"bioptika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/bioptika\/","title":{"rendered":"BIOPTIKA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>BIOPTIKA (bio&#8230; va Yunoncha optike \u2014 nur) \u2014 biologiyaning nur hosil bo&#8217;lishi va tarqalishi, uning turli moddalar bilan o&#8217;zaro ta&#8217;sirini tekshiradigan bo&#8217;limi. Bioptika organizmlarning yorug&#8217;lik nurini qabul qilish, undan ko&#8217;rish va mo&#8217;ljal olishda foydalanish bilan bog&#8217;liq bo&#8217;lgan hodisalarni o&#8217;rganadi. Yorug&#8217;lik nuridan ta&#8217;sirlanish va unga reaktsiya kursatish eng sodda organizmlardan tortib yuksak o&#8217;simliklar va hayvonlargacha bo&#8217;lgan xususiyatdir. Bioptika turlicha namoyon bo&#8217;ladi. Bir hujayralilarda yorug&#8217;lik qabul qiladigan maxsus organoid\u2014 xromatofor ham uchraydi. Yuksak tuzilgan hayvonlarning maxsus organi \u2014 ko&#8217;zi va nerv sistemasi yorug&#8217;likni qabul qilish bilan bir qatorda, jismlar tasvirini va ularga xos bo&#8217;lgan xususiyatlarni farqlab oladi. Ko&#8217;z turli organizmlarda turlicha tuzilgan. Hasharotlar va qisqichbaqasimonlarning ko&#8217;zlari ko&#8217;p sonli ommatidlar (ko&#8217;zachalar)dan tashkil topgan murakkab fasetkali xarakterga ega bo&#8217;lsa, boshoyoqli mollyuskalar va umurtqalilarda murakkab tuzilgan bo&#8217;lib, shox parda, ko&#8217;z gavhari singari optik elementlarga ega. Ko&#8217;z fotoreseptor sifatida farqlash chegarasi, akkomodasiya apparati, mutlaq sezgirligi va ranglarni farqlash xususiyatlariga ega. Bioptika ko&#8217;zlarning tuzilishi bilan bir qatorda ko&#8217;rish va farqlash faoliyati yordamida tur uchun xos bo&#8217;lgan signallar, ya&#8217;ni rang, turq-avtor, imo-ishora, mimika, ogohlantiruvchi va qo&#8217;rqituvchi holatlar; tana shakli, gul va mevalar rangini ifodalovchi signallarni qabul qilish mexanizmlarini ham o&#8217;rganadi. Ko&#8217;rish organining faoliyati va xossalari muhit sharoiti xususiyatiga (yoritilganlik, yoritilish intensivligi, nurning spektr tarkibi, muhitning tiniklik darajasi va boshqakar) bilan ham bog&#8217;liq.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>BIOPTIKA (bio&#8230; va Yunoncha optike \u2014 nur) \u2014 biologiyaning nur hosil bo&#8217;lishi va tarqalishi, uning turli moddalar bilan o&#8217;zaro ta&#8217;sirini tekshiradigan bo&#8217;limi. Bioptika organizmlarning yorug&#8217;lik nurini qabul qilish, undan ko&#8217;rish &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/bioptika\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15012,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[114],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16917","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-b-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16917","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16917"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16917\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16921,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16917\/revisions\/16921"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15012"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16917"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16917"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16917"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}