O’LIK TILLAR \u2014 jonli iste’moldan chiqqan (tabiiy so’zlashuv tili bo’lmagan), yozma yodgorliklarda saqlangan til. Ayrim tillar bosqinchilik, mustamlakachilik, unda so’zlashuvchilarni majburlash natijasida yoki tarixiy, iqtisodiy va madaniy o’zgarishlar ta’sirida yo’qolib borgan. Shumer, lotin, etrusk, yunon, qadimiy slavyan, pruss, vestgot, ostgot, italiy, gall, gyoz, kopt (qibtiy), o’rxun, qad uyg’ur, eski o’zbek, qadimiy fors, sanskrit, pali, prakrit, bulg’or va boshqalar O’lik tillar hisoblanadi. Tilning taraqqiy etish qonuniyatlarini belgilashda O’lik tillarlar katta ahamiyatga ega. Shuni ta’kidlash joizki, qadimiy tilshunoslikning dastlabki salmoqli yutuqlarga erishishida ham qadimiy Mesopotamiyadagi Shumer, qadimiy kichik Osiyodagi Xett, qadimiy Hindistondagi sanskrit singari O’lik tillarlarni o’rganish asosiy o’rin tutgan edi. Ba’zi O’lik tillarlardan, ular ko’p sohalarda iste’moldan chiqqaniga ming yillar o’tgan bo’lsa ham, insoniyat aloqa-aralashuv tili emas, balki ibodat tili sifatida foydalanib kelinmoqda. Masalan, misrlik xristianlar kopt tilidan, katolik cherkovi vakillari lotin tilidan, mo’g’ul xalqlarining lamaistik cherkovi vakillari Tibet tilidan foydalanadilar. Shuningdek, O’lik tillarlardagi yozma yodgorliklar tarixiy manbalar sifatida ham muhim ahamiyatga ega. O’lik tillarlar milliy tillar rivojlanishiga ham (Hindistonda klassik sanskrit, Arab mamlakatlarida klassik Arab, G’arbiy Yevropada lotin, Rossiyada cherkovslavyan, Yunonistonda qadimiy yunon tillari) ijobiy ta’sir ko’rsatgan. Keyingi davrda yozma O’lik tillarni davlat, fan, maktab tiliga aylantirish uchun urinishlar sodir bo’lmoqda. Chunonchi, Isroilda qadimiy yahudiy tili (ivrit) davlat tili deb e’lon qilingan bo’lsa, Vatikanda lotin tilida yangi terminlar lug’atlari nashr etib borilmoqda.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
O’LIK TILLAR \u2014 jonli iste’moldan chiqqan (tabiiy so’zlashuv tili bo’lmagan), yozma yodgorliklarda saqlangan til. Ayrim tillar bosqinchilik, mustamlakachilik, unda so’zlashuvchilarni majburlash natijasida yoki tarixiy, iqtisodiy va madaniy o’zgarishlar ta’sirida yo’qolib … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16402,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[115],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20821","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-o-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20821","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20821"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20821\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20823,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20821\/revisions\/20823"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16402"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20821"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20821"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20821"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}