{"id":23346,"date":"2022-04-03T13:59:35","date_gmt":"2022-04-03T10:59:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=23346"},"modified":"2023-01-29T18:54:25","modified_gmt":"2023-01-29T15:54:25","slug":"sohibqiron-davlatining-ichki-hayoti-harbiy-islohot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/sohibqiron-davlatining-ichki-hayoti-harbiy-islohot\/","title":{"rendered":"Sohibqiron davlatining ichki hayoti, harbiy islohot"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Temur zamonasining buyuk imperiyasini barpo qilgan bo\u2019lsa-da, ammo u umrining oxirigacha o\u2019zini bu davlatning \u201cqonuniy\u201d xoni deb e\u2019lon qila olmadi. Chunki u nasl-nasabi jihatidan chingiziylar sulolasiga mansub emas edi. Shuning uchun ham Amir Qozog\u2019on tomonidan belgilangan an\u2019anaga ko\u2019ra, Temur avval o\u2019z huzurida Movarounnahning Chingizxon avlodidan bo\u2019lgan o\u2019ttizinchi xoni Suyurg\u2019atmishni (1370-1388 yillar) , uning vafotidan keyin esa Suyurg\u2019atmishning o\u2019g\u2019li Sulton Mahmudxonni (1388-1402 yillar) rasmiy xon qilib ko\u2019tarib, hatto umrining oxirigacha ularning nomidan yorliqlar chiqartiradi, pullar zarb ettiradi. Ammo har ikki xon nomigagina \u201cxon\u201d bo\u2019lib, davlatning siyosiy hayotiga va Temur bergan farmoyishlarga mutlaqo aralashmasdilar. Shunga qaramasdan, Temur mamlakatda o\u2019zining bevosita hukmronligiga qonuniy tus berish va uni mustahkamlab olish maqsadida o\u2019zining oldingi raqibi Amir Husaynning tul xotini Saroy Mulkxonimga uylanadi. Saroy Mulkxonim Movarounnahrning Chig\u2019atoy xonadonigan chiqqan so\u2019nggi xoni Chingiziylar avlodi Qozonxonning qizi edi. 1370 yilda Saroy Mulkxonim bilan bo\u2019lgan nikoh tufayli Temur o\u2019zining amirlik darajasiga \u201cko\u2019ragon\u201d, ya\u2019ni \u201cxonning kuyovi\u201d unvonini qo\u2019shib oladi va rasmiy hujjatlarda \u201cAmir Temur ko\u2019ragoniy\u201d nomi bilan yuritilishiga musharraf bo\u2019ladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Temur bosib olingan viloyatlarni o\u2019g\u2019illari, nabiralari va nufuzli amirlariga suyurg\u2019ol tarzida in\u2019om qilib ular orqali boshqardi. Movarounnahrdan tashqari o\u2019z tasarrufidagi barcha viloyat va mamlakatlarni Temur to\u2019rt ulusga bo\u2019ldi. To\u2019ng\u2019ich o\u2019g\u2019li Muhammad Jahongirga Balx viloyati bilan 12 ming navkarlik qo\u2019shin, ikkinchi o\u2019g\u2019li Umarshayxga Fors viloyati va 10 ming askar, uchinchi o\u2019g\u2019li Mironshohga Ozarbayjon, Iroq va Armaniston bilan 9 ming kishilik qo\u2019shin, kenja o\u2019g\u2019li Shohruhga Xuroson, Jurjon, Mozondaron, Seyiston (Sakiston) bilan 7 ming askar berildi. Garchi uluslar markaziy hukumatga itoat etsalar-da, ammo ular ma\u2019lum mustaqillikka ega edilar. Ulus hukmdorlarining alohida davlat devonxonasi bo\u2019lib, ularning markaziy hukumatga tobeligi xirojning bir qismini Samarqandga yuborib turish va oliy hukmdor harbiy yurishlarida o\u2019z qo\u2019shini bilan qatnashish yoki talab qilingan askarni yuborib turishdan iborat edi. Suyurg\u2019ol Temur davlati tashkil etilishi arafasida joriy etilib, u \u201ciqto\u2019\u201d kabi ma\u2019lum tuman yoki viloyatlarni hukumat yorlig\u2019i bilan G\u2019arbdagi \u201cfeod\u201d yoki \u201clen\u201d tarzida oliy hukmdor avlodlari va alohida xizmat ko\u2019rsatgan, yuqori tabaqaga mansub zodagonalarga in\u2019om tariqasida berishni anglatadi. Ba\u2019zan suyurg\u2019ol yerlari markaziy hukumatning farmoni bilan avloddan avlodga meros bo\u2019lib ham o\u2019tgan. Masalan, Muhammad Jahongir vafotidan so\u2019ng unga tegishli Balx viloyatiga Kobul, G\u2019azna va Qandahorni qo\u2019shib, marmumning o\u2019g\u2019li Pirmuhammadga beriladi. Shuningdek, Temur Umarshayxning o\u2019g\u2019li Rustamga Isfaxonni, Mironshohning o\u2019g\u2019li Abubakrga Bag\u2019dodni suyurg\u2019ol qiladi. Shu tarzda saltanatning Movarounnahrdan tashqari qismi bir qancha bo\u2019laklarga bo\u2019linib ketadi. Viloyat hokimlari \u2013 shahzoda va amirlar o\u2019z tasarrufidagi uluslarda kishvagirlik \u2013 iloji boricha mustaqil hukmronlik qilishga intilar edi. Markaziy hukumat esa vaziyat jiddiylashgan paytlardagina viloyat hokimlarni tiyish uchun ularning ichki ishlariga aralashardi. Shubhasiz, suyurg\u2019ol tartibining kuchayishi oqibatda ayrim viloyatlarning ma\u2019lum darajada mavqeini oshishiga olib kelgan va ichki nizolarni keltirib chiqargan. Te,ur hayotlik chog\u2019idayoq mamlakatning chekka o\u2019lkalaridagina emas, hatto uning markaziy viloyatlarida ham nizolar va urushlar bo\u2019lib turgan. Lekin, cheklanmagan huquq va imtiyozlarga ega bo\u2019lgan, kuchli qo\u2019shinga tayangan buyuk hukmdor ayrim viloyatlarning sarkash feodal doiralari tomonidan ko\u2019tarilgan isyonlarni va xalq harakatlarini doimo osongina bostira olardi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Temur zamonasining buyuk imperiyasini barpo qilgan bo\u2019lsa-da, ammo u umrining oxirigacha o\u2019zini bu davlatning \u201cqonuniy\u201d xoni deb e\u2019lon qila olmadi. Chunki u nasl-nasabi jihatidan chingiziylar sulolasiga mansub emas edi. Shuning &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/sohibqiron-davlatining-ichki-hayoti-harbiy-islohot\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23266,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[180],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23346","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-amir-temur-haqida-qoshimcha-malumotlar","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23346","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23346"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23346\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42682,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23346\/revisions\/42682"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23266"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23346"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23346"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23346"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}