{"id":25774,"date":"2022-04-22T12:16:35","date_gmt":"2022-04-22T09:16:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=25774"},"modified":"2022-04-22T12:16:36","modified_gmt":"2022-04-22T09:16:36","slug":"didro-diderot-deni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/didro-diderot-deni\/","title":{"rendered":"DIDRO (DIDEROT) DENI"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>DIDRO (DIDEROT) DENI (1713.5.10, Langr \u2014 1784.31.7, Parij) \u2014 frantsuz faylasufi, yozuvchisi, ma&#8217;rifatparvari. 1751-80 yillarda &#8220;entsiklopediya yoki fan, san&#8217;at va kasb-hunarlarning izohli lug&#8217;ati&#8221; (1-35-jildlar) ning asoschisi va muharriri. Falsafiy va badiiy asarlar yaratdi. &#8220;Ko&#8217;rlar haqida ko&#8217;zi ochiqlarga O&#8217;gitnoma&#8221; (1749), &#8220;Tabiatni tushuntirishga oid fikrlar&#8221; (1754), &#8220;D&#8217;Alamber tushi&#8221; (1769), &#8220;Materiya va harakatning falsafiy printsiplari&#8221; (1770) asarlarida ma&#8217;rifatli monarxiya tarafdori bo&#8217;lgani uchun absolyutizmni, xristian dini va cherkovini ayovsiz tanqid qildi, sensualizmga tayangan holda materialistik g&#8217;oyalarni himoya etdi. Didro barcha mavjudotga materiyaning turli shakllari sifatida qaradi. Uning fikricha, materiya sifat jihatdan turlicha, unda o&#8217;z-o&#8217;zidan harakat, rivojlanish mavjud. Didroning adabiyotdagi roli realizm uchun kurashi bilan belgilanib (&#8220;Fatalist Jak va uning xo&#8217;jayini&#8221; romani, 1773; &#8220;rohiba&#8221; qissasi, 1760), uning bu kurashi tasviriy san&#8217;at haqidagi (&#8220;salonlar&#8221;, 1759-81) va teatr to&#8217;g&#8217;risidagi (&#8220;Aktyor to&#8217;g&#8217;risida paradoks&#8221;, 1773-78) tanqidiy asarlarida ham ifodalangan. Didro xalq ta&#8217;limi to&#8217;g&#8217;risidagi asarlarida pedagogikaning juda ko&#8217;p muammolarini (xalq ta&#8217;limi tizimi, o&#8217;qitish uslublari va hokazolar) bayon etgan. U xalq ta&#8217;limining davlat tizimi loyihasini tuzgan, yoppasiga bepul boshlang&#8217;ich ta&#8217;lim qoidalarini, ta&#8217;lim hamma tabaqa uchun bir xil bo&#8217;lishini himoya qilgan. Nochorlarning bolalariga davlat tomonidan moddiy yordam ko&#8217;rsatilishi zarur, deb hisoblagan. Fizika-matematika va tabiiy fanlar muhimligini uqtirgan. Yaxshi dareliklar tuzish, bu ishga yirik olimlarni jalb qilish haqida yozgan. O&#8217;rta maktablarda yiliga 4 marta ochiq imtihonlar o&#8217;tkazish, o&#8217;qituvchilikka tanlov e&#8217;lon qilishni maqsadga muvofiq deb bilgan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DIDRO (DIDEROT) DENI (1713.5.10, Langr \u2014 1784.31.7, Parij) \u2014 frantsuz faylasufi, yozuvchisi, ma&#8217;rifatparvari. 1751-80 yillarda &#8220;entsiklopediya yoki fan, san&#8217;at va kasb-hunarlarning izohli lug&#8217;ati&#8221; (1-35-jildlar) ning asoschisi va muharriri. Falsafiy va &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/didro-diderot-deni\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16402,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[116],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25774","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-d-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25774","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25774"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25774\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25779,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25774\/revisions\/25779"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16402"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25774"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25774"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25774"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}