{"id":3251,"date":"2021-10-09T08:56:27","date_gmt":"2021-10-09T05:56:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=3251"},"modified":"2021-10-09T08:56:28","modified_gmt":"2021-10-09T05:56:28","slug":"bukolik-sheriyat-nima","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/bukolik-sheriyat-nima\/","title":{"rendered":"Bukolik she&#8217;riyat nima?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Cho&#8217;poniy she&#8217;riyatni ba&#8217;zan bukolik she&#8217;riyat deb ataydilar. Yunoncha &#8220;bicolos&#8221; \u2014 cho&#8217;pon degani. Uning asosida xalq cho&#8217;poniy qo&#8217;shiqlari yotadi. Bu janr qadimgi Yunoniston folkloridayoq vujudga kelgan va ellinizm va Rim davrlari she&#8217;riyatida ancha-muncha ommalashib ketgan edi. Gekzametr bilan qisha hikoya yoki dialog shaklida yozilgan aytarli katta bo&#8217;lmagan she&#8217;rlar his-tuyg\u2019ular tavsifini yoki tabiat chiroyini madh etishni o&#8217;zida mujassam etgan. Dialog she&#8217;riy mushoira tamoyili asosida qurilgan bo&#8217;lib, unda ishtirokchilardan har biri serjilolik va ifodalilik bobida boshqasidan o&#8217;zib ketishga intilar edi. Bukolik she&#8217;riyat adabiy janr sifatida faqatgina yunon shoiri Feokrit ijodida paydo bo&#8217;ldi (miloddan avvalgi IV asr oxirlari), shunday bo&#8217;lsa-da unga qadar ham ba&#8217;zi mualliflarda cho&#8217;poniy she&#8217;riyat unsurlari uchrardi (masalan, cho&#8217;pon Dafnis timsolini yaratgan Stesixorda). Odatda cho&#8217;poniy she&#8217;riyat mualliflari yunon akobirlarining namoyondalari bo&#8217;lishgan. Chunki u shaharlar aholisi jadal ko&#8217;payib borgan davrda paydo bo&#8217;lgan va qishloq hayotining oddiyligi va uning tabiatga yaqinligini qo&#8217;msash hissiyotlarini aks ettirar edi-da. Yurish-turishning buningdek tariqasini hamma qabul qilgan edi. Shu boisdan, masalan, Feokritning &#8220;idilliya&#8221;lari \u2014 &#8220;osuda damlar&#8221;da oddiy qishloq hayoti qo&#8217;y-qo&#8217;zi bo\u2019lib yuruvchi cho&#8217;ponlar timsolida tasvirlab beriladi. Urushlar va mojarolar bo&#8217;lmaydigan shartli bo&#8217;rttirma vaziyat voqealar o&#8217;rni sanaladi. Feokrit yaratgan janr idilliyalar \u2014 osuda damlar nomini oldi. Rim cho&#8217;poniy she&#8217;riyati antik davrning yirik shoiri Vergiliy nomi orqali namoyon bo&#8217;ladi. O&#8217;zining &#8220;Eklogika&#8221; (tanlangan ma&#8217;nosida) yoki &#8220;bukolika&#8221;sida u ham g\u2019oyatda shartli cho&#8217;poniy dunyoni tasvirlaydi. Biroq Vergiliy nainkim o&#8217;zi to&#8217;qigan oliymaqom sevgi dunyosini tasvirlaydi, uning she&#8217;riyati ta&#8217;sirchan, zamonaga nisbatan ishoraga to&#8217;la, ba&#8217;zi joylarda hattoki kinoyalidir. Shartli dunyo orqali shoir o&#8217;z davrining o&#8217;zini ham, shuningdek zamondoshlarini ham to&#8217;lqinlantirgan ijtimoiy muammolarini bayon etadi. Cho&#8217;poniy she&#8217;riyatning keyingi rivojlanishi ham maroqli. O&#8217;rta asrlarda u tag&#8217;in turli mamlakatlarning folklori bilan birlashadi, natijada pastorella \u2014 XII \u2014 XIII asrlar she&#8217;riyatining ishq-muhabbat janri paydo bo&#8217;ladi. Yevropa adabiyotlarida cho&#8217;poniy she&#8217;riyat asosida pastoral tug&#8217;ildi (asosan XVII\u2014XVIII asrlar she&#8217;riyati va dramaturgiyasida, chunki o&#8217;sha kezlar ensiklopedistlar-ma&#8217;rifatparvarlarning g&#8217;oyalari ta&#8217;siri ostida pokizalik va uyg&#8217;unlik timsoli sifatida tabiat bag&#8217;riga qaytish zarurati haqida tasavvur qayta jonlangan edi). Undagi shakl ham, motivlar ham antik cho&#8217;poniy she&#8217;riyatdan o&#8217;zlashtirilgan edi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cho&#8217;poniy she&#8217;riyatni ba&#8217;zan bukolik she&#8217;riyat deb ataydilar. Yunoncha &#8220;bicolos&#8221; \u2014 cho&#8217;pon degani. Uning asosida xalq cho&#8217;poniy qo&#8217;shiqlari yotadi. Bu janr qadimgi Yunoniston folkloridayoq vujudga kelgan va ellinizm va Rim davrlari &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/bukolik-sheriyat-nima\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":657,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3251","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilasizmi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3251","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3251"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3251\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3252,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3251\/revisions\/3252"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/657"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3251"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3251"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3251"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}