{"id":3360,"date":"2021-10-09T14:38:44","date_gmt":"2021-10-09T11:38:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=3360"},"modified":"2021-10-09T14:38:45","modified_gmt":"2021-10-09T11:38:45","slug":"xalq-teatri-qayerdan-va-qay-tariqa-vujudga-kelgan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/xalq-teatri-qayerdan-va-qay-tariqa-vujudga-kelgan\/","title":{"rendered":"Xalq teatri qayerdan va qay tariqa vujudga kelgan?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Siz, rus xalq teatri qanday va qachon vujudga kelgani haqida hech o&#8217;ylab ko&#8217;rganmisiz? Uning ildizlari asrlar qa&#8217;ridan suv ichada. Teatrnamo voqealarning unsurlari &#8220;Na svyatki&#8221; va &#8220;Maslenitsa&#8221; singari taqvimiy marosim o&#8217;yinlarida mavjud bo&#8217;lgan. Ularni muqallidlar \u2014 ro&#8217;dapolar, shaytonlar, ajinalar, marhumlar kiyimini kiyib olgan kishilar o&#8217;ynashardi. Muqallidlikning qadimgi ma&#8217;nosi \u2014 zamin, odamlar va hayvonlar mo&#8217;l-ko&#8217;l hosil berishi va o&#8217;zlaridan ko&#8217;payishlari, shuningdek ularga nisbatan mehr-shafqatli bo&#8217;lishi uchun so&#8217;z vositasida ta&#8217;sir o&#8217;tkazishdir. Keyinchalik, muqallidlarga hayvonlar \u2014 turna, tulki, shuningdek tomoshabinga yaxshi tanish shaxslar-temirchi, askar, savdogar, lo&#8217;li qo&#8217;shiladi. Muqallidlar tomoshabingga yaqin va tushunarli bo&#8217;lganlarni \u2014 salot qalimalarini chalkashtiridigan savodsiz ruhoniyni, ikki ojizning aytishuvini, eru xotining dildan suhbatini, nikoh to&#8217;yini, dafn marosimini tasvirlashar edi. &#8220;Na svyatki&#8221; o&#8217;yinlarida ixchamgina pyesachalar \u2014 xalq qo&#8217;shiqlari, qisqa ertaklar va latifalar tomoshasi o&#8217;ynalar edi. Birin-sirin ham cholg\u2019u asboblarini chaladigan, ham fokus ko&#8217;rsatadigan, ham tentak pomeshchikni tasvirlay oladigan yoki shalviragan erni gavdalantiradigan anchayin iste&#8217;dodli ijrochilar ajralib chiqa boshlaydi. Ularni masxarabozlar deb atashardi. Tomoshalarning marosimiy ahamiyati unutila boshladi va ular shunchaki kishilarning ko&#8217;nglini xushlaydigan bo&#8217;lib bordi. Masxarabozlar qishloqlar va shaharlar bo&#8217;ylab kezib yurishar, yoymabozor paytida, maydonlarda va maxsus qurilgan saroylarda \u2014 balaganlarda tomoshalar ko&#8217;rsatishar edi. Balaganlarda yetarli darajada katta hajmdagi pyesalar\u2014 &#8220;Qayiqcha&#8221;, &#8220;Ermak&#8221;, &#8220;Podishoh Maksimilian&#8221; singari xalq dramalari o&#8217;ynalardi. Xalq masxarabozlarning quvnoq va tig&#8217;dor yumorini juda-juda xush tutardi. Ammo hokimiyat va cherkov ularni buzg&#8217;unchilar va sayoqlar sifatida ta&#8217;qib qilar, 1648 yilda ularning tomoshalarini taqiqlovchi farmon chiqqan edi. Ammo butun ta&#8217;qiblarga qaramay, masxarabozlik san&#8217;ati yashab qolaverdi va tomoshabinlarni xushnud etaverdi. Rus xalq teatri shu tariqa dunyoga kelgan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Siz, rus xalq teatri qanday va qachon vujudga kelgani haqida hech o&#8217;ylab ko&#8217;rganmisiz? Uning ildizlari asrlar qa&#8217;ridan suv ichada. Teatrnamo voqealarning unsurlari &#8220;Na svyatki&#8221; va &#8220;Maslenitsa&#8221; singari taqvimiy marosim o&#8217;yinlarida &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/xalq-teatri-qayerdan-va-qay-tariqa-vujudga-kelgan\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":657,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3360","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilasizmi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3360","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3360"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3360\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3361,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3360\/revisions\/3361"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/657"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3360"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3360"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3360"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}