Agar molekulalar behad katta tezlik bilan to’xtovsiz harakatlanib tursa va bu holat hamma yerda yuz bersa \u2014 hattoki daraxtlar tanasida \u2014 u holda nega biz narsalar o’z shaklini o’zgartirganini payqamaymiz? Molekula \u2014 moddaning eng kichik, ko’z ilg’amas zarrasi bo’lib, u o’zida moddaning xossalarini saqlab qoladi. Masalan, shakar molekulasi (sukroza shakarchil) \u2014 shakarning alohida eng kichik zarrasi, shu bilan birga shakarga xos bo’lgan ta’m, rang, shakl, eruvchanlik va boshqa xususiyatlarni saqlaydi. Turli moddalarning molekulalari bir-biridan farq qiladi. Ulardan ayrimlarining uzunligi millimetrning atigi milliarddan bir ulushicha kelsa, boshqalari undan ming marta kattaroq. Biroq moddada ulkan miqdordagi molekulalar to’plangan bo’lishiga qaramasdan, ularning o’rtasida egasiz, bo’sh joylar ham qoladi. Molekulalar tinimsiz harakatda ekan, ularning harakati mutlaq bo’shliqda \u2014 absolyut vakuumda yuz beradi. Havo molekulalari o’rtasida havo yo’q, faqat havosiz bo’shliq \u2014 vakuum bor, temir molekulalari o’rtasida ham havo yo’q, faqat havosiz bo’shliq \u2014 vakuum bor. Molekulalar harakati qizishdan hosil bo’ladi. Harorat qancha baland bo’lsa, harakat ham shuncha tezlashadi. Yonib turgan gazda bu harakat tezligi ancha yuqoridir. Suyuqlik yoki qattiq moddalarda molekulalar harakatlanishi ancha sust sodir bo’ladi, qandaydir biron harakat hattoki muz parchasining tarkibida ham mavjuddir! Basharti, moddadagi molekulalar tinimsiz to’qnashib va bir-birini barcha yo’nalishlarda har tomonga turtkilab tursa, nega biz harakat natijalarini ko’rmaymiz? Nega, masalan, temir parchasi bu ichki harakat oqibatida o’zgarmaydi? Buning sababi shuki, qattiq jismda yoki suyuqlikda molekulalar o’zaro tortishish kuchi ta’sirida har biri o’z o’rnini saqlab qoladi. Aks holda, moddalar mayda-mayda zarralarga aylanib, sachrab ketgan bo’lur edi. Elektrlanish, o’zaro tortiluvchan molekulalar shu qadar katta kuchki, ular hatto eng qattiq materiallarni ham o’zgarmas holatida saqlab tura oladi. Lekin modda o’ttiz darajada qizdirilsa, molekulalar harakati tezlashadi va bu modda suyuqlikka aylanishi mumkin. Agar harorat darajasi yanada oshirilsa, u holda molekulalar elektrlanish kuchini yengib o’tib, har tomonga sachrab ketishi mumkin, modda esa gazsimon holatga o’tadi!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Agar molekulalar behad katta tezlik bilan to’xtovsiz harakatlanib tursa va bu holat hamma yerda yuz bersa \u2014 hattoki daraxtlar tanasida \u2014 u holda nega biz narsalar o’z shaklini o’zgartirganini payqamaymiz? … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":657,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilasizmi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3528","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3528"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3528\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3529,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3528\/revisions\/3529"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/657"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3528"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3528"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3528"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}