{"id":6791,"date":"2021-10-30T11:06:30","date_gmt":"2021-10-30T08:06:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=6791"},"modified":"2021-10-30T11:06:31","modified_gmt":"2021-10-30T08:06:31","slug":"alifbe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/alifbe\/","title":{"rendered":"ALIFBE"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>ALIFBE \u2014 dastlabki savod beradigan o&#8217;quv qo&#8217;llanmasi. Alifbe bosma, yozma harflar va ular ifodalaydigan nutq tovushlari, ularning yozilishini o&#8217;zlashtirish, sodda bo&#8217;g&#8217;in va so&#8217;zlarni qo&#8217;shib o&#8217;qishga o&#8217;rganish va o&#8217;qilayotgan narsani to&#8217;g&#8217;ri tushunish hamda sodda so&#8217;z va gaplarni yozishga o&#8217;rganishga yordam beradi. Maktabxonalarda Alifbe bo&#8217;lmagan. Uning o&#8217;rniga savod o&#8217;rganish uchun maxsus taxta qo&#8217;llanilgan. Taxtaning bir tomoniga tartib bilan Arab harflari, ikkinchi tomoniga esa abjad yozilgan. Talabalar harflarni batamom yod olgandan so&#8217;ng abjadxonlikka va haftiyakxonlikka o&#8217;tar edilar. Bu usul asosan 1900 yilgacha davom etgan. Turkiston tsarus-tuzem maktablarining hamda yangi usuldagi maktablarning paydo bo&#8217;lishi bilan Alifbe darsligi yuzaga keldi. 1902 yilda rus-tuzem maktablarining o&#8217;zbek sinflari uchun birinchi o&#8217;zbek Alifbesi \u2014 &#8220;Ustodi avval&#8221; nashr etildi. Bu Alifbening muallifi Saidrasul Saidazizov. Kitob 1917 yilgacha 17 marta nashr etilgan. Shu yillarda Munavvarqori Abdurashidxonovning &#8220;Adibi avval&#8221; (o&#8217;zbek maktablari uchun birinchi Alifbe), Mulla Rustambek ibn Yusufbekning &#8220;Ta&#8217;limi avval&#8221;, P. Bidanovning &#8220;Sullami avval&#8221;, A. Avloniyning &#8220;Birinchi muallim&#8221;, A. Ibodiyevning &#8220;Tahsil ul-alifbo&#8221;, M. Faxriddinovning &#8220;Rahbari avval&#8221; kabi Alifbelar nashr qilingan. Keyinchalik Shokirjon Rahimiy yaratgan &#8220;Sovg&#8217;a&#8221; darsligi nashr qilingan. Shuningdek, M. Qodirov va boshqalarning &#8220;Kattalarga o&#8217;qish&#8221; (1920), F. Erg&#8217;ozieyv va A. Yo&#8217;ldoshevning &#8220;Alifbe&#8221; (1936) kitoblari bosilib chiqqan. 1938 yildan O. Sharafiddinov tuzgan Alifbe nashr qilindi; mazkur Alifbe Q. Abdullayeva hammuallifligida qayta ishlanib nashr etildi va o&#8217;zbek maktablarida o&#8217;quv qo&#8217;llanmasi vazifasini bajardi. O&#8217;zbekiston Respublikasi Oliy Kengashining 1993 yil 2 sentabrda &#8220;Lotin yozuviga asoslangan o&#8217;zbek alifbosini joriy qilish to&#8217;g&#8217;risida&#8221; Qonuni qabul qilingach, bir qancha Alifbelar tayyorlandi. Xususan, 1996-97 yillarda O. Sharafiddinov, Q. Abdullayeva va boshqalarning &#8220;Alifbe&#8221; (&#8220;Shodlik&#8221;), T. G&#8217;afforova, E. Shodmonov, R. Eshturdiyevaning &#8220;Alifbe&#8221; (&#8220;Savod&#8221;), katta yoshdagilar uchun Y. Abdullayevning &#8220;Hamrohim&#8221;, &#8220;Sovg&#8217;a&#8221;, Y. Abdullayev, Sh. Yo&#8217;ldoshevaning &#8220;Yangi alifbo va imlo&#8221; o&#8217;quv qo&#8217;llanmalari chop etildi. Yo&#8217;ldosh Abdullayev.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ALIFBE \u2014 dastlabki savod beradigan o&#8217;quv qo&#8217;llanmasi. Alifbe bosma, yozma harflar va ular ifodalaydigan nutq tovushlari, ularning yozilishini o&#8217;zlashtirish, sodda bo&#8217;g&#8217;in va so&#8217;zlarni qo&#8217;shib o&#8217;qishga o&#8217;rganish va o&#8217;qilayotgan narsani to&#8217;g&#8217;ri &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/alifbe\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3077,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[107],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6791","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6791","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6791"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6791\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6792,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6791\/revisions\/6792"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3077"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6791"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6791"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}