O\u2018rta Osiyo jadidchilik harakatining yo\u2018lboshchisi, XX asr o\u2018zbek milliy matbuoti va yangi usuldagi milliy maktab asoschisi, yangi milliy teatr tashkilotchilaridan biri, adib, shoir, murabbiy, muharrir, ma\u2019rifatparvar, jamoat arbobi Munavvar qori Abdurashidxon o\u2018g\u2018li 1878 yilda Toshkent shahrining Shayx Xovand Tohur dahasi Darxon mahallasida mudarris oilasida tug\u2018ildi. Otasi Abdurashidxon Sotiboldixon o\u2018g\u2018li mudarris, onasi Xosiyat otin Xonxo\u2018ja Shorahimxo\u2018ja mudarris qizi otinoyi bo\u2018lgan. U oilada uchinchi o\u2018g\u2018il bo\u2018lib, katta akalari A\u2019zamxon (1872\u20141919) va Muslimxon (1875\u20141954) muallim bo\u2018lishgan. Otasidan yosh yetim qolgani tufayli dastlabki ta\u2019lim-tarbiyani onasidan olgan. So\u2018ng o\u2018z davrining mashhur o\u2018qituvchisi Usmon domladan ilmi qiroat va tajvidni o\u2018rganib, hofizi Qur\u2019on bo\u2018lgan. 1885\u201490 yillarda Buxorodagi Mirarab madrasasida tahsil olgan, ammo tahsilni oxiriga yetkazmay, Toshkentga qaytib, Darxon masjidida imomlik vazifasini bajaradi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Munavvar qori XIX asrning oxiridan boshlab jadidchilik harakatlarida faol ishtirok eta boshladi. 1901 yilda o\u2018z hovlisida, keyinchalik Toshkentning turli dahalarida jadid maktablarini ochadi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1904 yildan ijtimoiy-siyosiy, madaniy hayotga aralasha boshlagan. 1906 yildan \u00abO\u2018rta Osiyoning umrguzorligi, taraqqiy\u00bb, \u00abTaraqqiy\u00bb gazetalarida adabiy xodim. Shu yili noshir va muharrir sifatida \u00abXurshid\u00bb gazetani tashkil etgan. \u00abShuhrat\u00bb (1907), \u00abTujjor\u00bb (1907), \u00abOsiyo\u00bb (1908) gazetalarini g\u2018oyaviy boshqargan va adabiy xodim vazifasini bajargan. So\u2018ng \u00abSadoyi Turkiston\u00bb (1914\u201415) gazetasida mas\u2019ul muharrir muovini, \u00abAl-isloh\u00bb jurnali (1915\u201417)da muharrir, \u00abNajot\u00bb va \u00abKengash\u00bb (1917) gazetalarida mas\u2019ul muharrir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U 1909 yili Toshkentda \u00abJamiyati xayriya\u00bb uyushmasini tuzadi va \u00abTuron\u00bb nomli jamiyatni ochadi. Munavvar qori 1906-yilda dastlabki o\u2018zbek matbuoti namunalaridan biri \u00abXurshid\u00bb gazetasini nashr etdi. Keyinchalik \u00abNajot\u00bb, \u00abKengash\u00bb gazetalarida bosh muharrir, \u00abSadoyi Turkiston\u00bbda esa bo\u2018lim muharriri bo\u2018lib xizmat qiladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sho\u2018ro davrida u o\u2018zining ochiq ma\u2019rifiy ishlarini va yashirin siyosiy harakatlarini davom ettirdi. 1918 yilning aprelida Turkiston xalq dorilfununining asoschisi va rektori etib saylanadi. Uning sa\u2019y-harakati bilan 1918 yil 2 iyunda dorilmuallimin ish boshlaydi. U 1918 yilda \u00abTurk o\u2018chog\u2018i\u00bb ilmiy-ma\u2019rifiy jamiyatini tashkil qiladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Munavvar qori 20-yillarda o\u2018zbek yurtining mustaqilligi uchun kurash vazifasini o\u2018z oldiga qo\u2018ygan \u00abMilliy ittihod\u00bb va \u00abMilliy istiqlol\u00bb yashirin tashkilotlariga rahbarlik qilgan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Munavvar qori turli jamiyat va uyushmalar tashkilotchisi. U \u00abJamiyati Imdodiya\u00bb (1909), \u00abTuron\u00bb (1913), \u00abTurkiston kutubxonasi\u00bb (1914), \u00abUmid\u00bb (1914), \u00abMaktab\u00bb (1914), \u00abKo\u2018mak\u00bb (1921) jamiyat, tashkilot, shirkat va uyushmalarida muassis, muovin, rais, a\u2019zo. Sho\u2018rolar hukumati davrida Xalq dorilfununi sho\u2018rosining raisi, Turkiston Maorif xalq komissarligi turk sho\u2018basining ish yurituvchisi (1918), Toshkent shahar maorif noziri, Sharq xalqlari s\u2019ezdi (1920, Boku) delegati va hay\u2019ati a\u2019zosi. BXSR Maorif nozirligi vaqf bo\u2018limi boshlig\u2018i (1920\u201421), Toshkent shahar ijtimoiy tarbiya bo\u2018limi mudiri (1921), Akademmarkaz raisi (1922), Navoiy nomidagi maktab, Narimonov nomidagi pedagogika texnikumi, ayollar pedagogika institutida muallim (1923 \u2014 25), Samarqand shahar muzeyida ilmiy xodim, O\u2018zbekiston osori-atiqalarni saqlash qo\u2018mitasining Toshkent-Farg\u2018ona bo\u2018limida mas\u2019ul kotib (1927-28).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Munavvar qori bir qancha darslik muallifidir. Uning \u00abAdibi avval\u00bb (1907), \u00abAdib us-soniy\u00bb (1907), \u00abUsuli hisob\u00bb, \u00abTarixi qavm turk\u00bb, \u00abTajvid\u00bb (1911), \u00abHavoyiji diniya\u00bb, \u00abTarixi anbiyo\u00bb, \u00abTarixi islomiya\u00bb (1912), \u00abEr yuzi\u00bb (1916\u201417), 4 qismdan iborat \u00abO\u2018zbekcha til saboqligi\u00bb (Shorasul Zunnun va Qayum Ramazon bilan birga, 1925\u201426, 4-qismi musodara qilingan) darsliklari bir necha marta chop etilgan. 1914 yilda taraqqiyparvar o\u2018zbek shoirlarining she\u2019rlarini jamlab, \u00abSabzavor\u00bb nomi bilan nashr etgan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Munavvar qori ijtimoiy-pedagogik faoliyat bilan birga badiiy ijod bilan ham shug\u2018ullangan. Uning ixcham hikoyalari, talaygina she\u2019rlari o\u2018sha davrdagi matbuot va o\u2018zi tuzgan hamda yozgan darsliklarga kiritilgan. Shuningdek, u o\u2018tkir publitsist adib sifatida tanilgan. Maqolalarida inson va jamiyat, din va dindorlik, axloq, mustamlakachilik va xurriyat, ziyolilik, uyushma, tashkilot, davlat idorasi masalalariga alohida e\u2019tibor qaratgan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Munavvar qori o\u2018z faoliyati davomida pedagogik, matbuotchilik, muharrirlik, adiblik bilan cheklanmay, jiddiy siyosiy faoliyat ham olib borgan, shu sababli mustamlaka hukumati tomonidan bir necha bor hibs qilingan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Evropa savdo-sanoat, ilm-fanini o\u2018rganishga chaqirgan, ma\u2019naviy qoloqlikni qoralagan. U vijdon erkinligini inkor etmagan dunyoviy demokratik davlat tarafdori bo\u2018lgan. Shu sababli Qo\u2018qon shahrida tashkil topgan Turkiston muxtoriyatini (1917) qo\u2018llab-quvvatlagan. Umr bo\u2018yi o\u2018z vatanini mustaqil ko\u2018rishni istagan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
20-yillarning o\u2018rtalarida milliy ziyolilarni ta\u2019qib qilish kuchayishi natijasida Munavvar qori hamma lavozimlardan chetlashtiriladi. Biroq hatto qatag\u2018on ham Munavvar qori Abdurashidxon o\u2018g\u2018lini istiqlol g\u2018oyalaridan qaytara olmadi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U 1929 yil 6 noyabrda qamoqqa olinib, Moskva shahridagi Butirka qamoqxonasida qatl qilingan va Vagankova qabristoniga dafn etilgan. 1991 yilda rasman reablitatsiya qilingan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
O\u2018rta Osiyo jadidchilik harakatining yo\u2018lboshchisi, XX asr o\u2018zbek milliy matbuoti va yangi usuldagi milliy maktab asoschisi, yangi milliy teatr tashkilotchilaridan biri, adib, shoir, murabbiy, muharrir, ma\u2019rifatparvar, jamoat arbobi Munavvar qori … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8163,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8160","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-adabiyot","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8160","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8160"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8160\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":163563,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8160\/revisions\/163563"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8163"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8160"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8160"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}