Gotika, Gotika uslubi (italyancha gotico-german qabilasi gotlar nomidan)-G\u2019arbiy Markaziy va Sharqiy Yevropa mamlakatlarida o\u2019rta sarlar san\u2019atida hukm surgan badiiy uslub. Gotika atamasi Uyg\u2019onish davrida qo\u2019llanila boshlagan. XII asrda roman uslubi o\u2019rniga yuzaga kelgan. Gotikada yetakchi o\u2019rinni me\u2019morchilik egalladi, unda me\u2019morchilik, haykaltaroshlik va rangtasvir (asosan, vitraj) uyg\u2019unligining buyuk namunasi bo\u2019lgan ibodatxona alohida o\u2019rin tutadi. Ibodatxona qurishning yangi loyiha tizimi ishlab chiqildi: bosh tarzi uchli ravoqli va gumbazli qovurg\u2019ali (nervyur), og\u2019irligi arkbutanlar orqali tashqi devor va tayanch ustunlar (kontrfors)ga o\u2019tkazilgan sinchli tuzilma. Gumbaz to\u2019shamalari yengil qalamalar bilan to\u2019ldirilgan, ustun oralaridagi yirik oynalar vitrajlar bilan bezatilgan. G\u2019arbiy tarzida minoralar (balandligi 150 metrgacha) qurilgan. Bu yangi loyiha neflar kengligi va bino balandligini birmuncha oshirgan. Shuning hisobiga inshoot yengil, mujassamotiga ko\u2019ra ko\u2019kka cho\u2019zilgan. Ichi va tashqarisi haykallar va nafis tosh o\u2019ymakori bezaklar bilan bezatilgan. Mujassamotida panjarali baland minoralar muhim o\u2019rin tutgan. Gotika me\u2019morchiligia uchli vimperglar, deraza va peshtoqlar, doira shaklidagi oynalar, bezak qism (fial)lar va hokazo me\u2019moriy shakllar xos. Gotika XII asr o\u2019rtalarida Shimoliy Fransiyada yuzaga keldi. XIII asr 1-yarmida yuksak darajada rivojandi. Shu yerda Gotikaning tosh ibodatxonalari o\u2019zining mumtoz shakliga ega bo\u2019ldi. Bibi Maryam ibodarxonasi (Notr-Dam, 1163-1257), Shartr (1194-1260), Reyms (1211-1311), Amyen (1220-1288) va boshqalardagi ibodatxonalar Gotikaning yuksak namunasidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Gotika, Gotika uslubi (italyancha gotico-german qabilasi gotlar nomidan)-G\u2019arbiy Markaziy va Sharqiy Yevropa mamlakatlarida o\u2019rta sarlar san\u2019atida hukm surgan badiiy uslub. Gotika atamasi Uyg\u2019onish davrida qo\u2019llanila boshlagan. XII asrda roman uslubi … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":55935,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[373],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-87812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-g-harfiga-oid-tarixga-oid-ensiklopedik-atamalar","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87812","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=87812"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87812\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":87841,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87812\/revisions\/87841"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/55935"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=87812"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=87812"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=87812"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}