Urdu \u2014 Pokistonning ingliz tili bilan bir qatorda rasmiy va Hindistonning Konstitusiyada tan olingan 15 ta asosiy adabiy tilidan biri. Genetik va tuzilish jihatidan hindiy tiliga o’xshaydi. Hind-Yevropa tillari oilasining hindoriy tillari guruhiga mansub. Pokistonda, asosan, yirik shaharlar (Karochi, Ravalpindi, Lohur, Islomobod va boshqalar), Hindistonda esa Uttarpradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, Andhra-Pradesh Shtatlaridagi musulmon aholi gaplashadi. So’zlashuvchilar soni Hindistonda 30 milliondan ortiq, Pokistonda 20 millionga yaqin kishi (20-asrning 90-yillari). Dehli atrofidagi khari bo’li deb ataladigan lahjalar asosida tashkil topgan. Shular asosida 13-14-asrlarda millatlararo og’zaki muomala tili \u2014 Hindistoniy (hindaviy) shakllangan. Mazkur tilning Dakan (Janubiy Hindiston) dagi shakli dakhiniy (“Janubiy”) deb nom olgan. Hindistoniyning avval Rexta, keyinchalik Urdu deb atalgan adabiy shakliga, uning leksikasiga fors tili kuchli ta’sir o’tkazgan. Hozirgi Urdu 19-asr boshlarida asosan shakllanib bo’lgan. Urdu hindiy tilidan alifbosi va leksikasi bilan farq qiladi. Urdu bir qancha yangi belgilar qo’shilgan Arab alifbosiga asoslangan yozuvdan foydalanadi. 1947 yildan keyin Urdu ikkala davlatda turli sharoitlarda rivojlandi. Shu sababli Pokiston urdusida leksikaning boyish manbai, asosan, Arab va fors tillari bo’lsa, Hindiston urdusida hindiy (sanskrit) tilidir. Urdu bilan hindiy orasida ayrim fonetik va grammatik farqlar ham bor. Hindistonda Urduning hindiy tili bilan yaqinlashish alomatlari ko’rinmoqda. A. Ibrohimovning “Urducha-o’zbekcha mushtarak so’zlar lug’at”i (1998) Toshkentda, T. Xolmirzayevning “Urducha-o’zbekcha lug’at”i (2003) Islomobodda nashr etilgan. Ad.: Dimtshis Z. M ., Grammatika yazikaurdu, M., 2001; Davidova A. A., Uchebnik yazika urdu, M., 2003; Shamatov A. N., Klassicheskiy dakxini (Yujniy xindustani 17 v.), M., 1974.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Urdu \u2014 Pokistonning ingliz tili bilan bir qatorda rasmiy va Hindistonning Konstitusiyada tan olingan 15 ta asosiy adabiy tilidan biri. Genetik va tuzilish jihatidan hindiy tiliga o’xshaydi. Hind-Yevropa tillari oilasining … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":56191,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[213],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-95585","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-u-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"kr","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95585","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=95585"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95585\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":95586,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95585\/revisions\/95586"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/56191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=95585"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=95585"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/kr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=95585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}