{"id":103871,"date":"2023-09-05T12:43:13","date_gmt":"2023-09-05T09:43:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=103871"},"modified":"2023-09-05T12:43:16","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T09:43:16","slug":"xausa-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/xausa-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Xausa"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Xausa \u2014 somhom (afrikaosiyo) tillari makrooilasining Chad tillari tarmog&#8217;iga mansub va shimoliy Nigeriya, Niger, Chad, Kamerun, Gana, Benin, Togo kabi mamlakatlarda tarqalgan til. G&#8217;arbiy Afrikada qabilalararo, urug&#8217;lararo til sifatida keng qo&#8217;llanadi. So&#8217;zlashuvchilarning umumiy soni 31 million (ba&#8217;zi manbalarda 40 million) kishidan ortiqroq (o&#8217;tgan asrning 90-yillari). Xausaning asosiy lahjalari \u2014 Kano, kasina, Sokoto, Zariya, xalajiya, damagaram, gobir va boshqalar \u2014 bir-biriga juda yaqin; asosan fe&#8217;l tizimi va kishilik olmoshlari sohasidagi ko&#8217;plab tafovutlar shimoliy g&#8217;arbiy lahjalarda (Niger va Nigeriya) uchraydi. Hozirgi adabiy Xausa Kano lahjasi asosida shakllangan. Xausa o&#8217;ziga xos fonetik va morfologik xususiyatlarga ega. So&#8217;z o&#8217;zgarishi va so&#8217;z yasalishi tizimida affikslar (suffiks va prefikslar), shuningdek, ichki Fleksiya alohida rol o&#8217;ynaydi. Leksikasi, asosan, tub Chad so&#8217;zlaridan iborat; Arab, ingliz, frantsuz va qo&#8217;shni tillardan o&#8217;zlashgan so&#8217;zlar ham anchagina. 18-asrdan Arab alifbosi asosidagi ajamiy yozuvidan, 19-asr oxiridan esa ba&#8217;zi diakritik belgilar qo&#8217;shilgan lotin alifbosidan foydalanadi. Gazeta, jurnal va kitoblar, asosan, lotin grafikasida, an&#8217;anaviy she&#8217;riyat va diniy (Islomiy) adabiyot ajamiy yozuvida nashr etiladi. Ajamiyda nashr etilgan adabiyotda garbiy Yevropa tillaridan o&#8217;zlashmalar deyarli uchramaydi. Nigeriyaning shimoliy Shtatlarida Xausa ma&#8217;muriy sohada, maktab ta&#8217;limida (ayniqsa, boshlang&#8217;ich maktablarda), radioeshittirishlarda ingliz tili bilan bir darajada qo&#8217;llanadi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Xausa \u2014 somhom (afrikaosiyo) tillari makrooilasining Chad tillari tarmog&#8217;iga mansub va shimoliy Nigeriya, Niger, Chad, Kamerun, Gana, Benin, Togo kabi mamlakatlarda tarqalgan til. G&#8217;arbiy Afrikada qabilalararo, urug&#8217;lararo til sifatida keng &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/xausa-2\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[209],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-103871","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-x-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103871","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=103871"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103871\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":103872,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103871\/revisions\/103872"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=103871"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=103871"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=103871"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}