{"id":104625,"date":"2023-09-07T15:08:53","date_gmt":"2023-09-07T12:08:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=104625"},"modified":"2023-09-07T15:08:56","modified_gmt":"2023-09-07T12:08:56","slug":"sher-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/sher-2\/","title":{"rendered":"She&#8217;r"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>She&#8217;r (Arabcha shuur \u2014 sezgi) \u2014 fikrning histuyg&#8217;uga qorishiq ifodasi sifatida vujudga kelgan, hayajonli she&#8217;riy nutq bilan ifoda etilgan, ma&#8217;lum ichki ohangga ega badiiy asar. \u201cShe&#8217;r\u201d atamasi o&#8217;rniga ba&#8217;zan &#171;nazm&#187; so&#8217;zi ham qo&#8217;llanadi. U badiiy adabiyotning qadimiy turi bo&#8217;lib, insoniyat eng birinchi badiiy asarlarni She&#8217;rda yaratgan. Rivoyat qilishlaricha, birinchi She&#8217;rni bevaqt o&#8217;ldirilgan o&#8217;g&#8217;li Hobilning dardida kuygan odam alayhissalom yaratgan ekan. Shuning uchun ham unda, deyarli hamisha, muallifning oniy kayfiyati, lahzalik porloq kechinmalari ustuvorlik qiladi. She&#8217;rda fikrning kutilmagan va sezimlarga kuchli ta&#8217;sir ko&#8217;rsatadigan yo&#8217;sinda ifodalanishiga e&#8217;tibor qilinadi. Shu bois ham har bir She&#8217;rdan o&#8217;ta muhim ijtimoiy g&#8217;oya ifodasini kutish maqsadga muvofiq emas. Ularda tuyg&#8217;ular po&#8217;rtanasi qudratli, sezimlar miqyosi keng va ta&#8217;sirchanlik, yuqumlilik darajasi yuqori bo&#8217;lishi muhimdir. Sh.ning uzoq yashashini ta&#8217;minlaydigan asosiy omillar: tuyg&#8217;ular samimiyati va ifoda tabiiyligidir. Zamonaviy o&#8217;zbek adabiyotida &#171;She&#8217;r\u201d atamasi ma&#8217;nosini erkinroq tushunish, oldingi shakliy qoliplarni o&#8217;zgartirgan holda yangi poetik kashfiyotlar qilishga intilish tamoyili kuchli. Shuning uchun ham o&#8217;zbek nazmida &#171;oq She&#8217;r&#187;, &#171;sochma She&#8217;r&#187;, &#171;nasriy She&#8217;r&#187;, &#171;tasbih&#187;, &#171;uchchanoq&#187; singari She&#8217;r shakllari paydo bo&#8217;lmoqda. She&#8217;rning qofiya, tinish belgilari va grammatik qoidalar iskanjasida qolishini istamayotgan bir qator shoirlar qofiyasiz, grammatik qoidalar va tinish belgilariga rioya etilmay yozilgan She&#8217;rlar yaratmoqdalar. She&#8217;rning eng kichik ko&#8217;rinishi mumtoz adabiyotda 1 baytdangina iborat bo&#8217;lsa (fard), o&#8217;zbek folklorida 4 qatorni tashkil etadi (to&#8217;rtlik). Bir misradan iborat She&#8217;r yaratishga ham urinishlar bo&#8217;lgan (rus she&#8217;riyatida &#171;monostix&#187; \u2014 bir she&#8217;r deb nomlangan). O&#8217;zbek xalq og&#8217;zaki ijodida She&#8217;rlar, asosan, kuylash uchun yaratilganligi uchun &#171;qo&#8217;shiq&#187; deb atalgan. Og&#8217;zaki She&#8217;r qat&#8217;iy shakily-mundarijaviy qoliplarga tushmaydi va yo&#8217;nalishiga ko&#8217;ra mavsum, marosim, sevgi qo&#8217;shiqlari kabi turlarga ajratiladi. Mumtoz She&#8217;rlar qofiyalanish va banddagi misralarning miqdoriga ko&#8217;ra maxsus janrlarga bo&#8217;lingan. Agar She&#8217;r bandi 2 misradan iborat bo&#8217;lsa \u2014 masnaviy, 3 misradan iborat bo&#8217;lsa \u2014 musallas, har bir band 4 misradan tashkil topsa \u2014 murabba&#8217;, 5 qatorli bandlardan tashkil etilsa \u2014 muxammas, bandlari 6 satrdan tashkil topsa \u2014 musaddas, 7 misrali bandlardan iborat bo&#8217;lsa \u2014 musabba&#8217;, 8 misrali bandlardan tashkil topsa \u2014 musamman, 9 qatorli bandlardan iborati \u2014 tasne&#8217; (Mustasne&#8217;), 10 qatorli bandlardan iborat poetik asarlar muashshar (mashru&#8217;) deyilgan. Hozirgi o&#8217;zbek shoirlari turlicha bandlardan tashkil topadigan an&#8217;anaviy barmoq vaznining turli poetik kombinatsiyalaridan tashqari, jahon she&#8217;riyati tajribasidan o&#8217;zlashtirilgan sonet, romans, xoyku, tanka, elegiya, barokko, rondel va boshqalar janrlarda She&#8217;rlar yaratishmoqda va ularda o&#8217;zbeklarga xos milliy tuyg&#8217;ularni ta&#8217;sirli ifodalashga erishmoqdalar. Ad.: To&#8217;ychiev U., O&#8217;zbek sovet poeziyasida barmoq vazni, T., 1966; Kojinov V., Kak pishut stixi, M., 1970; Teoriya stixa, L., 1975; Teoriya metaform, M., 1980; Lapasov J., Badiiy matn va lisoniy tahdil, T., 1995; Fitrat, Adabiyot qoidalari, T., 1996; Boboev T., She&#8217;r ilmi ta&#8217;limi, T., 1996; Hojiahmedov A., She&#8217;riy san&#8217;at va mumtoz qofiya, T., 1998; Quronov D.,Adabiyotshunoslikka kirish, Andijon, 2002. Qozoqboy Yo&#8217;ldoshev.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>She&#8217;r (Arabcha shuur \u2014 sezgi) \u2014 fikrning histuyg&#8217;uga qorishiq ifodasi sifatida vujudga kelgan, hayajonli she&#8217;riy nutq bilan ifoda etilgan, ma&#8217;lum ichki ohangga ega badiiy asar. \u201cShe&#8217;r\u201d atamasi o&#8217;rniga ba&#8217;zan &#171;nazm&#187; &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/sher-2\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[211],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104625","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sh-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104625","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=104625"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104625\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":104626,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104625\/revisions\/104626"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=104625"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=104625"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=104625"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}