{"id":106396,"date":"2023-09-15T13:46:50","date_gmt":"2023-09-15T10:46:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=106396"},"modified":"2023-09-15T13:46:53","modified_gmt":"2023-09-15T10:46:53","slug":"refraktor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/refraktor\/","title":{"rendered":"Refraktor"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Refraktor \u2014 ob&#8217;yektivi linzali bo&#8217;lgan teleskop. Osmon yoritqichlaridan kelayotgan nurlar Refraktor ob&#8217;yektividan sinib o&#8217;tib, uning fokus masofasida tasvir hosil qiladi. Birinchi marta G. Galiley 1609 yilda astronomiyada qo&#8217;llagan. Refraktorning vizual va fotografik xillari bor. Vizual Refraktor ob&#8217;yektiv va okulyardan tuzilgan. Fotografik Refraktor (astrograf ham deyiladi) katta fotoapparatdan iborat bo&#8217;lib, uning fokal tekisligiga fotoplastinkali kasseta o&#8217;rnatiladi. Refraktorning ob&#8217;yektivida kamida 2 ta linza \u2014 biri (musbat) yengil va optik zichligi kam shisha \u2014 krondan, ikkinchisi (manfiy) og&#8217;ir shisha (Flint)dan yasalgan linza bo&#8217;ladi. Bunda bir yo&#8217;la Refraktorda bo&#8217;ladigan xromatik va sferik aberrasiyalar kamaytiriladi. Ob&#8217;yektivi ikki linzali Refraktorda komani ham to&#8217;g&#8217;rilash mumkin, lekin astigmatizm va maydon egriligini tuzatish mumkin emas, chunki uning ko&#8217;rish maydoni burchagi (gradus)dan ortmaydi, bunda D \u2014 ob&#8217;yektiv diametri (mm da). Qoldiq sferik aberrasiyaning to&#8217;lqin uzunligiga bog&#8217;liqligi tufayli yulduz tasviri atrofida radiusi tax. 40&#8243; bo&#8217;lgan binafsha gardish hosil bo&#8217;ladi (odatda, foydalaniladigan Refraktorda teshik nisbati 1:15 bo&#8217;lganda). Xromatik Aberrasiyaning kattalashishini kamaytirish uchun Refraktor ob&#8217;yektiv linzalari bir-biriga yopishtiriladi. Refraktorda sifatli tasvir hosil qilish uchun maxsus shishalar ishlatiladi va linzalar soni ko&#8217;paytiriladi. Kichik Refraktorlarda ob&#8217;yektivlarga linzalar yopishtirilib, oq dog&#8217; (qo&#8217;shimcha tasvir) va yorug&#8217;lik kamayishi qisqartiriladi. Dunyoda eng katta R. Yerks astronomik rasadxonasida (AQSh, \u00a3)=1,02 m) o&#8217;rnatilgan. Refraktor vizual, fotografik, kamdan-kam spektral yoki fotoelektrik kuzatishlarda ishlatiladi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Refraktor \u2014 ob&#8217;yektivi linzali bo&#8217;lgan teleskop. Osmon yoritqichlaridan kelayotgan nurlar Refraktor ob&#8217;yektividan sinib o&#8217;tib, uning fokus masofasida tasvir hosil qiladi. Birinchi marta G. Galiley 1609 yilda astronomiyada qo&#8217;llagan. Refraktorning vizual &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/refraktor\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[214],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-106396","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-r-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106396","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=106396"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106396\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":106407,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106396\/revisions\/106407"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=106396"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=106396"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=106396"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}