{"id":108590,"date":"2023-09-26T12:28:21","date_gmt":"2023-09-26T09:28:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=108590"},"modified":"2023-09-26T12:28:25","modified_gmt":"2023-09-26T09:28:25","slug":"homila","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/homila\/","title":{"rendered":"Homila"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Homila \u2014 ona qornida 2-oyning oxiridan (9-hafta) boshlab tug&#8217;ilish vaqtigacha (40-hafta) rivojlanayotgan pusht (embrion). 9-haftada Homila inson qiyofasiga kiradi (bu davrda Homilaning boshi, ko&#8217;zi, burni, og&#8217;zi, tanasi, qo&#8217;l-oyoqlari aniq bo&#8217;ladi). Bir akusher oyi (28-kun)da homila tuxumidan pusht va uning pardasi rivojlanib, Homila shakllana boshlaydi. 2-oyning oxirida Homila bo&#8217;yi 3,5 santimetr, vazni 4 gramm; 3-oyning so&#8217;ngida Homila bo&#8217;yi 8-9 santimetr, vazni 40 grammcha bo&#8217;lib, boshi kattalashadi, jinsi shakllanadi, qo&#8217;l-oyoq harakatlari sust bo&#8217;ladi. 4-oy oxiriga kelib Homila bo&#8217;yi 16 santimetr, vazni 120 grammga yetadi, qo&#8217;l-oyoq harakatlari faollashadi (lekin hali onaga sezilmaydi), jinsi aniqlashadi. Homila 5 oylik bo&#8217;lganida bo&#8217;yi 24-26 santimetr, vazni 280-300 gramm, terisi nozik, qip-qizil badani mayin tuklar bilan qoplanadi; harakatlari onaga sezila boshlaydi. Ona qorpiga quloq tutilganda Homila yuragi urayotgani bilinadi. 6-oyning oxirida Homila serharakat bo&#8217;lib, bo&#8217;yi 30 santimetr, vazni 600-700 grammga yetadi. 7-oyning so&#8217;ngida Homila bo&#8217;yi 35 santimetr, vazni 1000\u2014 1200 grammga yetadi; bu davrda Homila tirik tug&#8217;ilishi mumkin, lekin chala hisoblanadi, biroq maxsus parvarish qilinsa, yashab ketadi; 8 oylikda Homilaning bo&#8217;yi 40 santimetr, vazni 1500-1600 grammcha keladi. 9-oyning oxirida Homila bo&#8217;yi 45 santimetr, vazni 2400-2500 grammga yetadi, teri osti yog&#8217; qavati qalinlashadi, badanidagi tuklar kamayadi, terisi silliqlashib, pushti rangga kiradi, sochlari uzayadi. 10-oy oxirida (9 kalendar oyiga to&#8217;g&#8217;ri keladi) Homila yetilib tug&#8217;iladi; bo&#8217;yi 50 santimetr, vazni 3200-3500 gramm bo&#8217;ladi. Homila taraqqiyotining o&#8217;ziga xosligi uning ona qornida bo&#8217;lishi bilan ifodalanadi; unda bosh miya po&#8217;stlog&#8217;i to&#8217;la-to&#8217;kis taraqqiy etmagan bo&#8217;lib, asosiy hayotiy funkiiyalar (oziqlanish, nafas olish, ajratish) platsenta bilan uzviy bog&#8217;langan orqa miya orqali boshqariladi; plasenta Homila bilan kindik orqali bog&#8217;lanadi. Homila ona organizmidan o&#8217;zining o&#8217;sishi va rivojlanishi uchun zarur oziq moddalar (oqsil, yog&#8217;, uglevodlar), tuz, suv, vitaminlar, shuningdek, kislorodni qon tomirlar orqali olib, moddalar almashinuvi natijasida hosil bo&#8217;lgan chiqindilarni chiqaradi va hokazolar. Shuning uchun ayrim kasalliklar (yurak poroklari, gipertoniya, qandli diabet, infektsion kasalliklar), noto&#8217;g&#8217;ri ovqatlanish, rejim buzilishi, atrof-muhitdagi zararli omillar (ishlab chiqarishdagi zaharli moddalar, vibrasiya, nurlanish), ichkilik ichish, chekish va boshqalar natijasida plasenta funktsiyasining buzilishi Homilaning o&#8217;sishiga, ayniqsa, homiladorlikning dastlabki 3-oyida, homila a&#8217;zolarining taraqqiyot davrida yomon ta&#8217;sir ko&#8217;rsatadi. Bu davrda Homilaning o&#8217;sishida qator o&#8217;zgarish va nuqsonlar paydo bo&#8217;lishi, jumladan, Homila to&#8217;la etilmasligi, u majruh bo&#8217;lishi, o&#8217;lik tug&#8217;ilishi yoki o&#8217;z-o&#8217;zidan tushishi, shuningdek, asfiksiya, kalla suyagining shikastlanib tug&#8217;ilish hollari uchrashi mumkin. Homiladorlikning 4-oyidan Homilaning turli ta&#8217;sirotlarga nisbatan sezgirligi bir qadar pasayadi. Gigiena qoidalariga rioya qilish \u2014 ovqatlanish, mehnat qilish va dam olishni to&#8217;g&#8217;ri uyushtirish Homilaning normal o&#8217;sishini ta&#8217;minlaydi, shuningdek, yuzaga kelishi mumkin bo&#8217;lgan noxushliklarni (o&#8217;lik tug&#8217;ish, chilla davrida o&#8217;lish va hokazolar) oldini oladi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Homila \u2014 ona qornida 2-oyning oxiridan (9-hafta) boshlab tug&#8217;ilish vaqtigacha (40-hafta) rivojlanayotgan pusht (embrion). 9-haftada Homila inson qiyofasiga kiradi (bu davrda Homilaning boshi, ko&#8217;zi, burni, og&#8217;zi, tanasi, qo&#8217;l-oyoqlari aniq bo&#8217;ladi). &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/homila\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[212],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-108590","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-h-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108590","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=108590"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108590\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":108596,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108590\/revisions\/108596"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=108590"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=108590"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=108590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}