{"id":109696,"date":"2023-10-04T14:56:16","date_gmt":"2023-10-04T11:56:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=109696"},"modified":"2023-10-04T14:56:19","modified_gmt":"2023-10-04T11:56:19","slug":"oyxonim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/oyxonim\/","title":{"rendered":"Oyxonim"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Oyxonim \u2014 qadimgi shahar xarobasi (miloddan avvalgi 4-asr oxiri \u2014 2-asrning 2-yarmi) \u2014 Afg&#8217;onistonning shimoli-sharqida, Amudaryoning so&#8217;l qirg&#8217;og&#8217;ida, Ko&#8217;kcha daryosi quyilish yerida joylashgan. Yunon-Baqtriya podsholigi davrida obod bo&#8217;lgan; Aleksandriya Oksiana (P. Bernar) yoki Evkratidiya deb atalgan. Oyxonimdagi arxeologik tadqiqotlar Afg&#8217;onistondagi Fransuz arxeologik missiyasi (D. Shlyumberje, so&#8217;nfa P. Bernar rahbarligida) tomonidan (1964-78) olib borilgan. Baqtriya shaharlaridan biri bo&#8217;lgan Oyxonim, ellinizm davrida, yunon kolonistlari tomonidan yunon shaharsozligi tamoyillariga asoslanib qurilgan. Oyxonim yuqori (qal&#8217;a) va quyi (shahar), shuningdek, uning shimoliy-Sharqiy tomonida joylashgan shahar atrofidan iborat. Oyxonimning dastlabki 2 qismi qalin mudofaa devorlari bilan o&#8217;rab olingan. Quyi shahar qismida saroy, ibodatxona, yoshlar ta&#8217;limtarbiya oladigan gimnaziy yoki palestra xarobalari ochilgan; undan Germey va Gerakl sha&#8217;niga bitilgan yunoncha ma&#8217;rifiy yozuvlar topilgan. Shahar markazida geroyon \u2014 shaharga asos slogan kishi yoki uning faxriy fuqarosining maqbarasi joylashgan. Qal&#8217;a yaqinidan teatr, shaharning asosiy ko&#8217;chasi, uy xarobasi topilgan. Shahar atrofidan esa maqbara, ibodatxona va turar joy qoldiqlari chiqqan. Oyxonimdan moddiy va badiiy madaniyatning turli xildagi ko&#8217;plab obidalari, tangalar, yunon epigrafikasi yodgorliklari, Geraklning bronza haykali, o&#8217;smir haykali, ibodatxonaga o&#8217;rnatilgan ulkan marmar haykalning 5 Panjali oyoq qismi, ibodatxonadan Salavkiylar, Yunon-Baqtriya, hind-yunon va hind mis va oltin tangalari, temir buyumlar, qimmatbaho toshlar xazinasi topilgan. Ad.: Velikiy shelkoviy put, T., 1999. Edvard Rtveladze.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oyxonim \u2014 qadimgi shahar xarobasi (miloddan avvalgi 4-asr oxiri \u2014 2-asrning 2-yarmi) \u2014 Afg&#8217;onistonning shimoli-sharqida, Amudaryoning so&#8217;l qirg&#8217;og&#8217;ida, Ko&#8217;kcha daryosi quyilish yerida joylashgan. Yunon-Baqtriya podsholigi davrida obod bo&#8217;lgan; Aleksandriya Oksiana &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/oyxonim\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[225],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-109696","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-o-harfi-2","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109696","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=109696"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109696\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":109708,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109696\/revisions\/109708"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109696"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=109696"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=109696"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}