{"id":110169,"date":"2023-10-06T12:01:54","date_gmt":"2023-10-06T09:01:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=110169"},"modified":"2023-10-06T12:01:58","modified_gmt":"2023-10-06T09:01:58","slug":"ogahiy-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/ogahiy-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Ogahiy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Ogahiy (taxallusi; to&#8217;liq ism- sharifi Muhammadrizo Erniyozbek o&#8217;g&#8217;li) (1809.17.12, Xiva yaqinidagi Qiyot qishlog&#8217;i \u2014 1874.14.12) \u2014 shoir, tarixchi, tarjimon. Mirob oilasida tug&#8217;ilgan. Xiva madrasalarida tahsil ko&#8217;rgan. Arab, fors, turk tillarini puxta egallagan. Xorazmning mashhur shoir va olimlari, adabiyot muxlislarining suhbatlarida ishtirok etgan. Sharq klassiklari asarlari, ayniqsa, Navoiy ijodini qunt bilan o&#8217;rgangan. 1829 yilda amakisi va ustozi Munis vafot etgach, Xiva xoni Olloqulixon (1825-42) Ogahiyni Munisning o&#8217;rniga mirob etib tayinlagan. Shu davrdan e&#8217;tiboran Ogahiy xalq hayoti va saroy ishlari b-n shug&#8217;ullangan. Qizg&#8217;in ijtimoiy-siyosiy mehnat bilan mashg&#8217;ul bir paytda otdan yiqilib, oyog&#8217;i &#171;shakarlang&#187; (shol) bo&#8217;lib qolgan (1845). 1857 yildan miroblik vazifasidan iste&#8217;fo bergan. Umrining oxirigacha moddiy muhtoj, g&#8217;amgin, kasalmand ahvolda kun kechirgan. Ogahiy xalqorasida ko&#8217;proq lirik shoir sifatida mashhur. Umrining oxirgi yillarida tuzgan lirik kulliyoti \u2014 &#171;ta&#8217;viz ul-oshiqin&#187; (&#171;Oshiqlar tumori&#187;, 1872) bizgacha to&#8217;la yetib kelgan. Devon an&#8217;anaviy tartibda tuzilgan, 470 g&#8217;azal, 3 mustazod, 89 muxammas, 5 musaddas, 2 murabba, 4 musamman, 4 tarje&#8217;band, 7 qit&#8217;a, 80 ruboiy, 10 tuyuq, 1 mulamma, 4 chis-ton, 2 muammo, 4 masnaviy, 1 bahri tavil, 1 Munojot, 1 oshiq va ma&#8217;shuq savol-javobi, 20 ta&#8217;rix, 19 qasida \u2014 jami 18000 misradan iborat. Devonga &#171;Ash&#8217;ori forsiy&#187; nomi bilan Ogahiyning fors tilidagi 1300 misra she&#8217;ri ham kiritilgan. Devondagi asarlar mazmun-mundarijasi markazida ishq mavzui turadi. Ogahiy ijodining mavzu doirasi keng. Ammo u qaysi mavzuga murojaat qilmasin, ishqni chetlab o&#8217;tolmaydi. Ishq uning qalamida mavzuni yoritishda, g&#8217;oyani ilgari surishda asosiy badiiy vosita; she&#8217;riyatida ishq \u2014 iymon, e&#8217;tiqod, Vatan, zakovat timsoli kabi lirik qahramonning o&#8217;y-kechinmalari, faoliyati, dunyoqarashini harakatlantiruvchi kuch. Ogahiy devonida zamon va zamondoshlari tasviri ham katta o&#8217;rin egallagan. Shoir o&#8217;zi yashab ijod etgan murakkab davrni mahorat bilan badiiy umumlashtirganda, zamon va uning ahliga munosabat bildirganda, baqo berganda, insonparvarlik, xalqparvarlik nuqtai nazaridan yondashgan. Ogahiy janr imkoniyatlariga ijodiy yondashib, ularni takomillashtirgan: o&#8217;zigacha bo&#8217;lgan 7-8, 10-12 baytli g\u2019azal yozish tartibini 23 baytgacha yetkazgan, mustazod janrining qo&#8217;sh orttirma misrali yangi shaklini kashf etgan: Ey yor, sango ushbu jahon bog&#8217;i aro gul bir oshiqi hayron, diydoriga shaydo, Bir shuyftadur kokili mushkulinga sumbul ham holi parishon, ham boshida savdo. Shoir aruzning juda ko&#8217;p bahrlaridan foydalangan. Uning g&#8217;azallari &#171;Shashmaqom&#187;ning hamma kuylariga tushadi, Xorazm xalq ohanglariga mos keladi. Ogahiy &#171;Riyoz uddavla&#187; (&#171;saltanat bog\u2019lari&#187;, 1844), &#171;Zubdat uttavorix&#187; (&#171;tarixlar qaymog&#8217;i&#187;, 1845 \u2014 46), &#171;Jome&#8217; ul-Voqeoti sultoniy&#187; (&#171;Sultonlik voqealarini jamlovchi&#187;, 1857), &#171;Gulshani davlat&#187; (&#171;Davlat gulshani&#187;, 1865), &#171;Shohidi Iqbol&#187; (&#171;Iqbol guvohi&#187;, 1872) va boshqa tarixiy asarlarida Olloqulixon, Rahimqulixon (1843-46), Muhammad Aminxon (1846 \u2014 55), Sayid Muhammadxon (1856-64), Muhammad Rahim II (1864-1910) hukmronligi davrida Xorazmda yashagan o&#8217;zbek, turkman, qoraqalpoq, qozoq xalqlarining tarixi, madaniy va ijtimoiy hayoti, Xiva xonligining boshqa xonliklar bilan munosabati va boshqa tarixiy voqealar aks etgan. Ogahiyning yuksak insonparvarlik ruhi bilan sug&#8217;orilgan g&#8217;oyalari xon va shoir Feruzning siyosiy-ma&#8217;rifiy tarbiyasiga ta&#8217;sir qilgan. U tarixchi olim sifatida Xiva xonlariga, yirik tarixiy shaxslarga bag&#8217;ishlab qasidalar yozgan. Ogahiyning &#171;Qasidai nasihat&#187; asari Feruzga bag&#8217;ishlangan. U o&#8217;z nasihatlarida saltanatni boshqarishning yo&#8217;l-yo&#8217;riqlarini ko&#8217;rsatadi, mamlakat va xalqni adolat bilan idora etish yo&#8217;llarini belgilab beradi. Qasida masnaviy janrida yozilgan bo&#8217;lib, unda shoirning siyosiy-ma&#8217;rifiy qarashlari yorqin aks etgan. Ogahiy fikricha, har qanday davlat boshlig&#8217;i hokimiyatni mustahkamlash uchun barcha ijobiy fazilatlarga ega bo&#8217;lishi lozim. Podshoh himmatli, shijoatli, adolatli, g&#8217;ayratli, saxovatli, hayoli, sof niyatli, madaniyatli, hamiyatli, kambag&#8217;alparvar bo&#8217;lishi zarur. Hukmdor shu fazilatlarga ega bo&#8217;lsa, uning hokimiyati kamol topadi, mamlakati farovon bo&#8217;ladi, degan fikrni ilgari suradi. Ogahiy davlatni boshqarishning yo&#8217;llarini ham ko&#8217;rsatib o&#8217;tgan. Shoirning fikricha, shoh shariat ahkomlariga qattiq amal qilmog&#8217;i lozim. U aysh-ishratdan, fitna va g&#8217;iybatdan, g&#8217;aflatdan, yal-qovliqdan, zulm-razolatdan, chaqimchilikdan, mol- parastlikdan uzoq bo&#8217;lishi kerak. Feruz Ogahiyning davlatni boshqarish to&#8217;g&#8217;risidagi maslahatlariga quloq tutgan, uning hikmatli baytlarini marmar toshlarga yozdirib, arzxonalarga qo&#8217;ydirgan, ko&#8217;p ezgu ishlarni amalga oshirgan. Shu bois ham Ogahiy tarixiy asarlari badiiy Nasr sifatida hamda 19-asr Xorazm voqeligini haqqoniy aks ettiruvchi Nodir tarixiy hujjatlar sifatida qimmatlidir. Ogahiy &#171;Ravzat US-safo&#187; (Mirxond), &#171;tarixi Jahonkushoyi Nodiriy&#187; (Muhammad Maxdiy Astrobodiy), &#171;Badoe&#8217;ul-vaqoe'&#187; (Z. Vosifiy), &#171;Miftoh ut-tolibin&#187; (Mahmud binni Shayx Ali G&#8217;ijduvoniy), &#171;Tabaqoti Akbarshohiy&#187; (Muhammad Muqim Hirotiy), &#171;Tazkirai Muqimxoniy&#187; (Muhammad Yusuf Munshiy), &#171;Ravzat Us-safoyi Nosiriy&#187; (Rizoqulixon hidoyat), &#171;axloqi Muhsiniy&#187; (Koshifip), &#171;Qobusnoma&#187;, &#171;Zubdat ul-hikoyot&#187;, &#171;sharhi Daloil ul- hayrat&#187; (Muhammad voris), &#171;Guliston&#187; (Sa&#8217;diy), &#171;Yusuf va Zulayho&#187; (Jomiy), &#171;Shoh va gado&#187; (Hiloliy), &#171;Haft paykar&#187; (Nizomiy) va boshqa tarixiy-badiiy asarlarni fors tilidan o&#8217;zbekchaga tarjima qilgan. Ogahiy &#171;Haft paykar&#187;ni nasriy yo&#8217;l bilan, &#171;Guliston&#187;ni qisqartirib, keng kitobxonlarga tushunarli qilib tarjima etgan. &#171;Yusuf va Zulayho&#187; hamda &#171;Shoh va gado&#187; dostonlarini esa baytma-bayt tarjima qilib (kirish qismidan tashqari), aniq ijodiy tarjima namunasini yaratgan. &#171;Miftoh ut-tolibin&#187; (inv. \u21168473), &#171;Ravzat Us-safoyi nosiriy&#187; (D-125), &#171;Tabaqoti Akbarshohiy&#187; (TNS\u2014106), &#171;Tazkirai Muqimxoniy&#187; (TNS\u2014105), &#171;Firdavs ul-Iqbol&#187; (S\u2014 571), &#171;shohidi Iqbol&#187; (S\u2014572), &#171;Yusuf va Zulayho&#187; (TNS\u2014117), &#171;Ta&#8217;viz ul- oshiqin&#187; asarlarining qo&#8217;lyozma nusxalari Toshkent, Dushanba va Sankt-Peterburgda saqlanadi. &#171;Zafarnoma&#187; (Ali Yazdiy), &#171;Bahoriston&#187;, &#171;Salomon va ibsol&#187; (Jomiy), &#171;Hasht behisht&#187; (Xusrav Dexlaviy) asarlarining Ogahiy tarjimasi hanuzgacha topilmagan. &#171;Ta&#8217;viz ul-oshiqin&#187; Xivada toshbosmada nashr etilgan (1905-09). O&#8217;zbekistonda ko&#8217;chalar, maktablar, Xorazm viloyati musiqali drama va komediya teatri, istirohat bog&#8217;i va boshqa muassasalarga Ogahiy nomi berilgan. Qiyot qishlog&#8217;ida Ogahiy bog&#8217;i tashkil etilib, shoirning uy- muzeyi ochilgan; muzey oldida o.ga haykal o&#8217;rnatilgan. As: Ta&#8217;viz ul-oshiqin, T., 1960; Asarlar [6-jildli], T., 1971-80; Ishq ahlining tumori. Tanlangan asarlar, T., 1999. Ad.: Munirov Q., Ogahiy ilmiy va adabiy faoliyati, T, 1959; Zohidov V., o&#8217;zbek adabiyoti tarixidan, T., 1961; Majidiy P., Ogahiy lirikasi, T., 1963; Abdullaev V., o&#8217;zbek adabiyoti tarixi, 2-nashr, 2-kitob, T., 1967; O&#8217;zbek adabiyoti tarixi [5 jildli], 4-j., T., 1978; Abdug&#8217;afurov A., Muhammad Rizo Ogahiy, T., 1999; ma&#8217;navi-yat yulduzlari, T., 2001. Nusrat Jumayev.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ogahiy (taxallusi; to&#8217;liq ism- sharifi Muhammadrizo Erniyozbek o&#8217;g&#8217;li) (1809.17.12, Xiva yaqinidagi Qiyot qishlog&#8217;i \u2014 1874.14.12) \u2014 shoir, tarixchi, tarjimon. Mirob oilasida tug&#8217;ilgan. Xiva madrasalarida tahsil ko&#8217;rgan. Arab, fors, turk tillarini &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/ogahiy-2\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[225],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-110169","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-o-harfi-2","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110169","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=110169"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110169\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":110170,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110169\/revisions\/110170"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=110169"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=110169"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=110169"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}