Opal (sanskritcha upal \u2014 qimmatbaho tosh) \u2014 tarkibida suv saqlaydigan kolloidli kremniy oksididan iborat mineral, globulyar (sharcha) tuzilishga ega. SiO2nH2O. Kremnezyomning globulalari, asosan, 150-400 nm o’lchovli, ba’zan kattaroq. Aksariyat Opalda 2-14% suv mavjud. Odatda, rangsiz, tarkibidagi aralashmalarga ko’ra, oq, sariq, qo’ng’ir va boshqa xillari bo’ladi. Qattiqligi 5-6,5, zichligi 1900-2300 kg\/m3. Globulyar tuzilishi bilan opalessentsiya (nurni tarqatish) xossasi bog’liq. Asli Opal kristallik panjarasida globullar to’g’ri joylashganligi uchun nur difraktsiyasi natijasida rang-barang nur tarqatadi. Tarqaladigan nurlarning rangi globulalarning diametriga bog’liq (d=150-200 nm bo’lsa rangi binafsha, 400 nm gacha \u2014 yashil, kattaroq bo’lsa \u2014 qizil). Asl Opalning rangiga qarab turlarga ajratiladi: oq, qora, Arlekin, olovrang, Jirazol. Tabiatda Opalning oddiy turlari ko’proq uchraydi (Oniks, opalli Kaxalong, prazopal, gidrofan, gialit va boshqalar). Opal issiq vulkanogen suvlardagi kremnezyom cho’kindilari va nurash zonasida suv ta’siridan silikat qatlamlar hamda karbonat kislotaning ajralishida kristallanish natijasida hosil bo’ladi. Opalning katta uyumlari dengiz havzalari chekkalarida opoka, trepel va diatomit qatlamlarini hosil qiladi. Uchlamchi davr yotqiziklarida ko’p uchraydi. Rangli Opal bezak toshi sifatida ham ishlatiladi. Asl Opal \u2014 qimmatbaho tosh. Avstraliya, Chexiya, Meksika, Ukraina, Qozog’iston va boshqa joylarda Opalning endogen konlari topilgan. Rossiyada 70-yillardan asl Opalni sintez qilish yo’lga qo’yilgan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Opal (sanskritcha upal \u2014 qimmatbaho tosh) \u2014 tarkibida suv saqlaydigan kolloidli kremniy oksididan iborat mineral, globulyar (sharcha) tuzilishga ega. SiO2nH2O. Kremnezyomning globulalari, asosan, 150-400 nm o’lchovli, ba’zan kattaroq. Aksariyat Opalda … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[225],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-111428","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-o-harfi-2","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111428","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=111428"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111428\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":111433,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111428\/revisions\/111433"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=111428"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=111428"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=111428"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}