AFYUN (aslida Yunoncha abijum \u2014 mudratuvchi, uxlatuvchi), opiy, «Qora dori»\u2014 1) ko’knorning xomroq ko’sagini tilib qo’yganda undan oqib chiqib, havoda qorayib qotgan, sutsimon shira. Tarkibida morfin, papaverin, kodein, tebain, narkotin va 20 ga yaqin boshqa alkaloidlar bor. Dam-badam qabul qilib turilsa, boshqa narkotiklar kabi unga o’rganib qolish mumkin. Bu hayot uchun xavfli. Afyun preparatlari tibbiyotda og’riqsizlantiruvchi dori sifatida ishlatiladi. U asosan tarkibidagi morfin bilan ta’sir etadi. Afyun qadimdan ma’lum. Bardi (papirus) ga yozilgan qad. Misr yozuvlarida (miloddan avvalgi 1552 yil) dori sifatida tavsiya etilgan. Teofrast (miloddan avvalgi 3 — asr), Dioskoridus-Diskuridis (miloddan avvalgi 77 yil) ham o’z asarlarida Afyun dori ekanligini aytib o’tishgan. Afyun dastlab dori sifatida kichik Osiyoning Janubiy sharqida, Yevropada ishlatilgan va «opiy» deb atalgan. Yunonlardan arablar va yaqin Sharqdagi boshqa xalqparga «afyun» shaklida kirgan (o’zbeklar «qora dori» ham deyishadi). Abu Bakr ar-Roziy, Abu Ali ibn Sino, Ibn Baytor, Dovuvdi Antokiylarning asarlarida ham Afyunning tibbiy nafi, ishlatilish usullari bayon etilgan. Xitoyda Afyunni tutatib chekish rasm bo’lgan. Bu odat keyinchalik Hindiston va Eronga ham o’tgan. Afyun kuchli narkotik bo’lganligi uchun hamma mamlakatlarda, jumladan O\u2019zbekistonda ham uni iste’mol qilish taqiqlangan. Afyunni ishlab chiqarish va sotish bilan shug’ullangan kishilar jinoiy javobgarlikka tortiladi; 2) ba’zan zahar, og’u ma’nosida ishlatiladigan so’z.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
AFYUN (aslida Yunoncha abijum \u2014 mudratuvchi, uxlatuvchi), opiy, «Qora dori»\u2014 1) ko’knorning xomroq ko’sagini tilib qo’yganda undan oqib chiqib, havoda qorayib qotgan, sutsimon shira. Tarkibida morfin, papaverin, kodein, tebain, narkotin … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9243,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[107],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11531"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11531\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":159474,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11531\/revisions\/159474"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9243"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}