{"id":117886,"date":"2024-05-09T07:59:58","date_gmt":"2024-05-09T04:59:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=117886"},"modified":"2024-05-09T08:00:01","modified_gmt":"2024-05-09T05:00:01","slug":"manas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/manas\/","title":{"rendered":"&#171;Manas&#187;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>&#171;Manas&#187; \u2014 qirg&#8217;iz xalq qahramonlik eposi. Asar 3 qismdan ibo- rat (450 ming misra). Genealogik tsikl asosida bosh qahramon Manas, uning o&#8217;g&#8217;li Semetey va Semeteyning o&#8217;g&#8217;li Sey- tekning qaxramonona hayoti tafsili- ga bag&#8217;ishlangan. &#171;M.&#187;nazmda yozilgan bo&#8217;lib, she&#8217;riyatning saj&#8217;yo&#8217;li b-n ay- tilgan. &#171;M.&#187;odatdagi qahramonlik EPO- si ko&#8217;lamidan ancha keng. U o&#8217;tmish qirg&#8217;iz hayotining qariyb barcha sohalarini o&#8217;zida jamlagan va shu jihati b-n &#171;qirg&#8217;iz xalqi hayotining badiiy qomusi&#187; deb e&#8217;tirof etiladi. Asarning asosiy mo- tivi qahramonona vatanparvarlikdir; unda ona yurtni tashqi va ichki yovlar zulmidan qutqarish va qo&#8217;riqlash, zulm va haqsizlikka nafrat, diniy va milliy an&#8217;analarga hurmat etakchilik qiladi. Dostonda milliy turmushning barcha jihatlari keng ko&#8217;lamda va teran aks et- gan, shuning uchun ham Ch. Aytmatov uni &#171;qadimgi qirg&#8217;iz ruhining sarbaland cho&#8217;qqisi&#187; deb atagan edi. Asarda, Baqay, Almambet, Qo&#8217;shay, Sirg&#8217;aq, Xonikey, Aloke, Chubaq, Semetey, Qo&#8217;zqamanlar, Oychurek kabi har biri o&#8217;ziga xos xarak- terga ega bo&#8217;lgan o&#8217;nlab xilma-xil etak- chi obrazlar bor. Manas esa butun epos voqealari markazida turadigan bosh qahramondir. Asarda yuzlab personaj- lar ishtirok etishi, voqealar qariyb yuz yillik muddat ichida Osiyoning juda kat- ta hududi \u2014 uzoq Sharqdagi Amur Daryo- si bo&#8217;ylaridan tortib Oltoy, Markaziy Osiyodagi voqealarni qamrab olganligi tufayli, &#171;M.&#187;nihoyatda keng ko&#8217;lamga ega \u2014 u hajman nafaqat turkiy ellar fol- kloridagi, balki dunyodagi eng yirik do- ston hisoblanadi; 1qismining o&#8217;zi 250 ming misradan ortiq. &#171;M.&#187;ning alohida ahamiyati shunda- ki, u bironbir urug&#8217;yo qabila dostoni bo&#8217;lmay, umumxalq eposidir, ikkinchi- dan, unda tasvirlangan voqelik tugal \u2014 boshlanishi va yakuniga qadar mumtoz qahramonlik eposining janr xususi- yatlariga to&#8217;la muvofiq keladi va shu jihati b-n ham monumentaldir. &#171;M.&#187;ni o&#8217;rganish 19-a.ning 2-yar- midan boshlangan. Qozoq etnografi Ch.Ch.Valixonov, keyinroq V. V. Radlov &#171;M.&#187;dan parchalarni ilk bor qog&#8217;ozga tu- shirib, uning rus va nemis tillarida- gi taglamasini takdim qilishgan. 20-a. da epos manaschi Sog&#8217;imboy O&#8217;roz-Bekov, Sayoqboy Qoralaev va b. oqinlar ijro- sida yozib olingan. &#171;M.&#187;hozirda ham yaratilayotgan va jonli ijro etilayotgan dunyodagi yagona eposdir. Hozirga qadar &#171;M.&#187;ning 70 dan ortiq varianti yozib olingan. Doston 20-a.da V. V. Jirmun- skiy, M. Avezov, R.Z. Qodirboeva va b. olimlar tomonidan teran tadqiq etil- gan. Qirg&#8217;iziston FA til va adabiyot in-tida ishlab turgan &#171;M.&#187;bo&#8217;limi ma- nasshunoslikni ilmiy o&#8217;rganish va muvo- fikdashtirish markazi hisoblanadi. &#171;M.&#187;ning boshqa turkiy xalqlar do- stonlari b-n mushtarak jihatlari bor- ligi to&#8217;g&#8217;risida gipotezalar mavjud, ammo tasdiqlanmagan; o&#8217;xshash motivlar esa genealogik emas, balki tipologik asosga ega. &#171;M.&#187;qirg&#8217;iz xalqining milliy if- tixoridir, xalqaro aeroport, in-t va b.larga &#171;M.&#187;nomi berilgan, 2 jildli &#171;M.&#187;entsiklopediyasi nashr etilgan. &#171;M.&#187;o&#8217;zbek tiliga ilk bor 1958 y.da &#171;Qirg&#8217;iziston haqiqati&#187; gaz. xodimla- ri tomonidan qisman o&#8217;girilgan edi. 1964 y.da Mirtemir tarjimasida epos- ning 1qismi bosilib chiqdi. Bu tarji- ma Ch. Aytmatov va b. qirg&#8217;iz hamda o&#8217;zbek olimlarining yuksak bahosiga sazovor bo&#8217;lgan. &#171;M.&#187;ning 2qismi esa Sultan AK- bariy tomonidan ancha qisqartirishlar b-n 1982 y.da nashr etildi va, nihoyat, &#171;M.&#187;ning bolalar uchun tayyorlangan va- rianti tarjimasi 1995 y. bosilib chiqdi (uning tarjimoni T. Adashboev Xalqaro &#171;M.&#187;oltin medali b-n taqtsirlandi). 1995 y. barcha turkiy tilli davlatlar-miqyosda umumxalq bayrami sifatida keng nishonlandi. Zuhriddin Isomiddinov.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#171;Manas&#187; \u2014 qirg&#8217;iz xalq qahramonlik eposi. Asar 3 qismdan ibo- rat (450 ming misra). Genealogik tsikl asosida bosh qahramon Manas, uning o&#8217;g&#8217;li Semetey va Semeteyning o&#8217;g&#8217;li Sey- tekning qaxramonona hayoti &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/manas\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[217],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-117886","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-m-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117886","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=117886"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117886\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":117887,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117886\/revisions\/117887"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=117886"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=117886"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=117886"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}