{"id":118205,"date":"2024-05-09T11:51:19","date_gmt":"2024-05-09T08:51:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=118205"},"modified":"2024-05-09T11:51:30","modified_gmt":"2024-05-09T08:51:30","slug":"palladiy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/palladiy\/","title":{"rendered":"Palladiy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Palladiy (lot. Palladium), Pd \u2014 Mendeleev davriy sistemasining VIII guru-higa mansub kimyoviy element. Tar- tib rakami 46, at. m. 106,42. Tabiiy P. 6 ta barkaror izotop: IO2Pd (1%), l04Pd(ll,4%), 1 0 5 P d ( 2 2 , 3 3 % ) , l 0 6 P d ( 2 7 , 3 3 % ) , 108Pd(26,46%) va 110Pd (11,72%) dan ibo-rat. Eng uzok, vakt mavjud bo&#8217;luvchi sun&#8217;iy radiaktiv izotopi IO7Pd (T]\/2=7-106 y.). P.ning ko&#8217;pgina izoto- plari nisba-tan ozroq miqdorda uran va plutoniy yadrolarining bo&#8217;linishi nati- jasida hosil bo&#8217;ladi. P.ni 1803 y. ingliz olimi Vollaston tozalanmagan platinadan ajratib olgan va uni 1802 y.da kashf qilingan pal- Lada planetasi nomi b-n atagan. P. Er po&#8217;stining massa jihatidan 1 10 b% ini tashkil etadi. Tabiatda tug&#8217;ma yoki boshqa noyob metallar va kimyoviy birikmalar b-n qotishmalar holida uchraydi. P. platina guruxchasidagi metallar- ning eng yumshog&#8217;i, eng engili va eng bol- galanuvchanidir. P. kumush kabi yaltiroq, tashqi ko&#8217;rinishi platinani eslatadi. Suyuqlanish t-rasi 1554\u00b0; qaynasht-rasi 2940\u00b0, zichligi 12,02 g\/sm3. P. platina guruhchasidagi boshqa metallarga kara- ganda kimyoviy jihatdan faol. Zar Su- vida, nitrat kislotada, kontsentrlangan kaynoq sulfat kislotada eriydi. 700\u00b0 gacha qizdirilganda sirti oksidlanadi, uy t-rasida nam xlor va brom b-n, kizdi- rilganda quruq ftor, xlor hamda oltin- gugurt b-n reaktsiyaga kirishadi. P. juda ko&#8217;p mikdorda vodorod yutish xususiyatiga ega (1 hajm P. 800 hajmga yaqin vodorod yutadi). P. molekulyar vodorodni yutib, kimyoviy reaktsiyalar jarayonida uni foal atom holida ajratib chiqaradi. Shu sa- babli P.dan vodorod atomi ishlatiladi- gan kimyo sanoatlarida keng foydalani- ladi. P. birikmalarda, odatda, 2 va 4 va- lentli, ba&#8217;zi hollarda 3 valentli. 2 va- lentli birikmalari barqarorroq. P.ning PdO, Pd2O3, Pd\u00b02 tarkibli OK-sidlari ma&#8217;lum. Galogenlar b-n palladiy (II) &#8212; ftorid PdF2, palladiy (III) &#8212; ftorid PdF3, palladiy (II) -xlorid PdCl2, pal- ladiy (II) &#8212; yodid Pdl2 hosil qiladi. Oltingururtli bi-rikmalaridan palla- diy (II) &#8212; sulfid PdS, palladiy (IV) &#8212; sulfid PdS^ap mavjud. P. tuzlarining ko&#8217;pchiligi suvda yaxshi eriydi va eritma- larida kuchli gidrolizlanadi. P. sulfidli mis-nikel rudalari- dan platina b-n birgalikda, shuning- dek, oltin sochilmalari va rudalaridan olinadi. Olmaliq va Navoiy kon me- tallurgiya korxonalarida P.ni mis va qimmatbaho metallar olish texnologi- yasi qoldiqlaridan ajratib olinadi. P. va uning qotishmalari elektrotexnika- da, kimyo sanoatida gidrogenizasiya va de- gidrogenizasiya katali-zatori sifatida, oltin, platina, rodiy b-n qotishmalari termoregulyator va termoparalar tayyor- lashda, oltin, kumush, nikel va b. ele- mentlar b-n qotishmasi zargarlikda va stomatologiyada ishlatiladi. Ad.: Metallurgiya blagorodnix me- tallov, M., 1987. Omonulla Xo&#8217;jaev.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Palladiy (lot. Palladium), Pd \u2014 Mendeleev davriy sistemasining VIII guru-higa mansub kimyoviy element. Tar- tib rakami 46, at. m. 106,42. Tabiiy P. 6 ta barkaror izotop: IO2Pd (1%), l04Pd(ll,4%), 1 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/palladiy\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[226],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-p-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118205","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118205"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118205\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":118248,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118205\/revisions\/118248"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118205"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118205"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118205"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}