{"id":124153,"date":"2024-05-15T19:49:30","date_gmt":"2024-05-15T16:49:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=124153"},"modified":"2024-05-15T19:49:40","modified_gmt":"2024-05-15T16:49:40","slug":"konovalov-reaktsiyasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/konovalov-reaktsiyasi\/","title":{"rendered":"KONOVALOV REAKTSIYASI"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>KONOVALOV REAKTSIYASI &#8212; alifatik va alisiklik, shuningdek, yog&#8217;- aromatik birikmalardagi vodorod ato- mini suyultirilgan nitrat kislota b-n nitrolab nitroguruhga almashtirish re- aktsiyasi (suyuq fazali nitrolash): RH+HNO3 -> RNO2+ H2O Bunda R \u2014 alkil, tsikloalkil, aril- alkil. K.r. normal yoki yuqori bosim ostida amalga oshiriladi. Reaktsiya tezligi va nitrobirikmalar hosil bo&#8217;lishi t-raga, nitrat kislota kontsentrasiyasiga hamda boshlang&#8217;ich birikmaning tuzilishiga bog&#8217;liq. Agar almashinish assimmetrik uglerod atomida ro&#8217;y bersa, optik faol nitrobirikmalar hosil bo&#8217;ladi. Uchlam- chi uglerod atomidagi vodorod juda oson, ikkilamchi uglerod atomidagi vodorod qiyinroq, birlamchi uglerod atomidagi vodorod juda qiyin almashinadi. Tar- kibida uchlamchi uglerod atomi bo&#8217;lgan alisiklik uglevodorodlar 9-10%li, almashinganlari esa 20% li NHO3 b-n nitrolanadi. Yog&#8217;-aromatik uglevodorod- larni nitrolash jarayoni a \u2014 holatdagi yon zanjirda kechib, reaktsiya pirovar-Di- da, asosan, mononitrobirikmalar hosil bo&#8217;ladi. K.r. sanoatda nitroalkanlar va tsikloalkanlar olishda, shuningdek, lab. amaliyotida uglevodorodlarning tuzi- lishini aniqlashda qo&#8217;lla-niladi. Reak- tsiyani 1888 y.da M. I. Konovalov kashf etgan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>KONOVALOV REAKTSIYASI &#8212; alifatik va alisiklik, shuningdek, yog&#8217;- aromatik birikmalardagi vodorod ato- mini suyultirilgan nitrat kislota b-n nitrolab nitroguruhga almashtirish re- aktsiyasi (suyuq fazali nitrolash): RH+HNO3 -> RNO2+ H2O Bunda &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/konovalov-reaktsiyasi\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[201],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-124153","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-k-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124153","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=124153"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124153\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":124173,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124153\/revisions\/124173"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=124153"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=124153"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=124153"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}