{"id":124618,"date":"2024-05-16T20:40:43","date_gmt":"2024-05-16T17:40:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=124618"},"modified":"2024-05-16T20:40:46","modified_gmt":"2024-05-16T17:40:46","slug":"surilma-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/surilma-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Surilma"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Surilma \u2014 tog&#8217;jinslarining gravitasion jarayonlar ta&#8217;sirida yon bag&#8217;ir bo&#8217;ylab pastga tomon siljishi. Surilgan tog&#8217;jinslarining hajmi bir necha o&#8217;n m3 dan 1 mlrd. m3 gacha bo&#8217;lishi mumkin. S. massa (tana), uzilish devori, sirpanish yuzasidan iborat (q. sxema). Qalinligi 1 m dan 20 m gacha va undan ortiq bo&#8217;ladi. S.ning yuzaga kelishiga, asosan, yon bag&#8217;irlar ostki qismida tayan- chlarning yo&#8217;qolishi yoki kamayishi sabab bo&#8217;ladi. Ular esa yon bag&#8217;irlarning suv yuvishi natijasida emirilib qiyaligini ortishi, tog jinslarining nurash yoki yog&#8217;ingarchilik va er osti suvlari ta&#8217;si- rida ortikcha namlanishi sababli jin- slar mustahkamligining kamayishi, seysmik harakatlar, joyning geologik sharoitlari hisobga olinmay olib bori- layotgan qurilish va b. xo&#8217;jalik faoliyat- lari (yon bag&#8217;irlarda yo&#8217;llar qurilishi, bog&#8217;va ekinzorlarni ortiqcha sug&#8217;orish va h.k.) oqibatida kelib chiqadi. Siljish- ning, asosan, 4 tipi farq qilinadi: sir- panish \u2014 bunda zo&#8217;riqish qulab tushishi pog&#8217;onasiga etadi; yuvilish \u2014 er osti eroziyasi vujudga kelib, qatlamlar ora- si erib oqadi; suyulish \u2014 yon bag&#8217;irlarda suvga to&#8217;yingan qumgilli va lyossli jin-slarda seysmik tebranishlar natijasida suv utkazmaydigan 2 qatlam oralig&#8217;idagi loysimon massa oqib chiqadi; sudral ib tushish \u2014 doimiy bosim ostida se- kinasta deformasiyalanish. S.larning yuzaki, loyli oqim, seysmogen turlari ham bor. Seysmogen S.lar hajmi kat- ta, chuqur, shiddatli bo&#8217;ladi [mas, Usoy (1911), Fayzobod (1943,1947), Burchmul- la (1946), Hait (1949), Hisor (1989) va b.|. S.larning aniq vaqtini oddindan aytish kiyin, chunki u meteorologik, gi- drogeologik va seysmik omillar bilan bog&#8217;liq. S. ko&#8217;p hollarda suvli va suv ut- kazmaydigan gilli qatlamlar navbatla- nib joylashgan, yon bag&#8217;irlar ostini suv yuvib ketgan joylarda ro&#8217;y beradi. Yuza- sining qiyaligiga kaiab juda yotik (5\u00b0). yotik (5-15\u00b0). Surilma pogonalari yoki dongliklor tikroq (15-45\u00b0), tik (45\u00b0) yon bag&#8217;irlarda sodir bo&#8217;ladigan S.lar mavjud. Yuzasining chuqurligi yuza (1 m gacha), sayoz (5 m gacha), chuqur (20 m gacha) va juda chuqur (20 m dan ziyod) bo&#8217;lishi mum- kin. Sathi bir necha m2 dan 500\u2014 600 m2 gacha. S.lar tog&#8217;li hududlar xo&#8217;jaligiga katta zarar etkazadi. Ularga qarshi yon bag&#8217;irlarda o&#8217;simliklar ekish, suvli qatlamga tushadigan suv miqsorini ka- maytirish va b. tadbirlar amalga oshi- riladi. O&#8217;zbekistonda 2 mingga yaqin S. maydonlari qayd etilgan bo&#8217;lib, ularda so&#8217;nggi 40 yil davomida 8 ming chamasi- da mayda va yirik S ro&#8217;i berdi. Avto- mobil yo&#8217;llari, kanallar, konlar, suv omborlari chekkasidagi qiyaliklarda texnogen S.lar soni 1980 y.dagidan 3-4 barobarga ortdi. O&#8217;zbekistonda S.lar, asosan, Chirchiq, Ohangaron vodiylari tog&#8217;yon bag&#8217;irlarida, G&#8217;alvasoy, Xo&#8217;jakent, Ohangaron, Zag&#8217;anasoy va b. joylarda, shu- ningdek, Tojikiston va Qirg&#8217;izistonda ko&#8217;proq sodir bo&#8217;ladi. S. dunyoning juda ko&#8217;p regionlarida uchraydi. Aholi yashay- digan joylarda vayronagarchiliklarga olib keladi. YUNESKO qoshida 2002 y.da S bo&#8217;yicha xalqaro kontsern tashkil etilgan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Surilma \u2014 tog&#8217;jinslarining gravitasion jarayonlar ta&#8217;sirida yon bag&#8217;ir bo&#8217;ylab pastga tomon siljishi. Surilgan tog&#8217;jinslarining hajmi bir necha o&#8217;n m3 dan 1 mlrd. m3 gacha bo&#8217;lishi mumkin. S. massa (tana), uzilish &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/surilma-2\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[206],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-124618","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-s-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124618","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=124618"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124618\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":124622,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124618\/revisions\/124622"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=124618"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=124618"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=124618"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}