{"id":130278,"date":"2024-06-09T12:46:49","date_gmt":"2024-06-09T09:46:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=130278"},"modified":"2024-06-09T12:46:53","modified_gmt":"2024-06-09T09:46:53","slug":"indeys-tillari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/indeys-tillari\/","title":{"rendered":"Indeys tillari"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Indeys tillari \u2013 Amerika tub (eskimos va aleutlardan tashqari) aholisining tili. Turli manbalar- ga ko&#8217;ra, bu tillarda 35 mln.ga yaqin kishi so&#8217;zlashadi (1992). Bu tillarning barchasi ham genetik jihatdan to&#8217;liq o&#8217;rganilmagan. Eng so&#8217;nggi ma&#8217;lumotlar- ga ko&#8217;ra, quyidagi I.t. oilasi mavjud: 1) nadene (Alyaska va shim.-G&#8217;arbiy Kanada, AQSh va Meksikaning ba&#8217;zi hududlarida tarqalgan), tlingit va hayda (Jan. Alya- SKADA); 2) alkonkin-ritvan (Sharqiy va Jan. Kanada, Shim.Sharqiy AQSh), rit- van (viyot va yurok \u2014 Kaliforniyada) va b.; 3) penutian \u2014 Kaliforniya-penutian tillari (mivok, yokuts va b. \u2014 Kali- forniyada); 4) xokaltek (Kaliforniya, Arizona va Meksika viloyatlarida); 5) Kado-irokez \u2014 irokez tillari (appa- lachi, Avliyo Lavrentiy daryosi bo&#8217;ylab, Eri, Ontario o.lari); 6) SIU (saska-che- van va Montanadan to Jan.shar-qiy Ar- kanzasgacha); 7) Yuto-astek (G&#8217;arb. AQSh \u2014 Nevada, yuta, Kolorado, Texas va b. Shtatlarda); 8) Mayya-soke (Sharqiy, Jan. Sharqiy Meksika, to&#8217;liq Yukatan va Gvate- malada); 9) oto-mi-mishteksapotek (Mar- kaziy va Jan. Meksika, Nikaragua Jan. va Kosta Rikada); 10) chibcha (Kosta Rika, Panama, Kolumbiya, Venesuela, Ekvador, Peruning bir qis-mi); 11) \u2022 aravak (Kat- ta Antil o. Sharqiy Kolumbiya, Shim. Venesuela, Gviana, Ama-zonkaning o&#8217;rta va yuqori qismida, Jan. Amerikaning G&#8217;arb hududlarida); 12) kechua-aymara ke- Chua (Jan. Ekvador, G&#8217;arbiy Peru va bo- Liviya, shim. Chilida) va aymara (Boliviya va Jan.Sharqiy Peruda); 13) je (Brazili- yaning sharqi, Jan. va Markaziy qismida); 14) tupi-guarani (shim., Sharqiy, Jan. Braziliya, Paragvay, Shim. Argentina, Urugvay va b.da) I. t. grammatikasi juda xilma-xil. Inkorporativ, ya&#8217;ni polisin- tetik tillar (kaddo-irokez, Yuto-astek oilasidagi) ko&#8217;pchilikni tashkil etadi. Agglyutinativ (affiksasiya va so&#8217;zlarni qo&#8217;shib so&#8217;z yasash kuchli) bo&#8217;lganlari ko&#8217;p, flektiv tillar ham mavjud. I. t.ning ko&#8217;pchiligi yozuvsiz. Mayya, kechua, sapotek va aymara tillariga oid ieroglif yozuv- li yodgorliklar saklanib krlgan. Ame- Rika qit&#8217;asini evropaliklar istilo qilgandan so&#8217;ng tupi (Braziliya), astek, kechua, va ba&#8217;zi b. tillar lotin alifbo- si asosidagi yozuvga o&#8217;tdi, bu yozuvda Di- niy va dunyoviy mavzudagi adabiyotlar vujudga keldi. Hoz. guarani (Paragvay), kechua va qisman aymara tillari milliy adabiy til makrmiga ega. So&#8217;nggi davrda paydo bo&#8217;lgan ilmiy adabiyotlarda I.t. qad. turkiy tillar b-n qarindosh degan qarashlar ham ilgari surilmoqda.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Indeys tillari \u2013 Amerika tub (eskimos va aleutlardan tashqari) aholisining tili. Turli manbalar- ga ko&#8217;ra, bu tillarda 35 mln.ga yaqin kishi so&#8217;zlashadi (1992). Bu tillarning barchasi ham genetik jihatdan to&#8217;liq &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/indeys-tillari\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[199],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-130278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-i-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130278","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=130278"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130278\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":130288,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130278\/revisions\/130288"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=130278"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=130278"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=130278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}