{"id":132406,"date":"2024-06-14T11:18:31","date_gmt":"2024-06-14T08:18:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=132406"},"modified":"2024-06-14T11:18:31","modified_gmt":"2024-06-14T08:18:31","slug":"gumboldt-humboldt-aleksandr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/gumboldt-humboldt-aleksandr\/","title":{"rendered":"Gumboldt (Humboldt) Aleksandr"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Gumboldt (Humboldt) Aleksandr (1769.14.9 &#8212; Berlin &#8212; 1859.6.5) &#8212; nemis tabiatshunosi, sayyoh, geograf. Berlin faning a&#8217;zosi (1800 y.dan), Peterburg faning faxriy a&#8217;zosi (1818 y.dan). Geogr.ning fan sifati- da rivojiga salmoqli hissa qo&#8217;shgan. Iqlimshunoslik, o&#8217;simliklar va hayvonot geogr.si, xaritagrafiya, okea- nografiya sohalarida tadqiqot ishlari olib borgan. 1799 &#8212; 1804 y.larda frantsuz botanigi E. Bonplan b-n birga Markaziy va Jan. Amerikani tadqiq qilib evro- paga qaytgach, to&#8217;plagan kollektsiyalari- ni 30 jildli asarida umumlashtirdi (1807-1834). 1829 y. Rossiya va O&#8217;rta Osiyoga kelgan. Ural va Oltoyga borib, qaytishda Qozog&#8217;istonning Semipala- Tinsk, Uralsk (yoyiq) sh.larida bo&#8217;lgan. Kaspiy dengizning shim. Sohilidan o&#8217;tgan. Tabiatdagi geografik zonallik va tog&#8217;larda balandlik mintaqalarini il- miy jihatdan umumlashtirishga harakat qilgan. Izotermalar metodini ishlab chiqib, shim. yarim shar uchun ularning taqsimlanishini ko&#8217;rsatuvchi sxematik xarita tuzgan. Magnit hodisalarining geografik tarqalishi masalalari- ni ishlab chiqqan va materiklarning o&#8217;rtacha balandliklarini hisoblagan. G.ning ilmiy qiziqishlari nihoyatda keng bo&#8217;lganligidan evropalik zamon- doshlari uni &#171;19-a.ning Aristoteli&#187; deb ataganlar. G. insonparvarlik va aql- idrok b-n ish ko&#8217;rish g&#8217;oyalarini targ&#8217;ib qilgan, irqlar va xalqlar tengsizligiga qarshi bo&#8217;lgan, tajovuzkorlik urushlari- ni qoralagan. G. nomiga bir qancha geogra- FIK ob&#8217;ektlar, jumladan Markaziy Osiyo va yangi Zelandiyadagi bir necha tog&#8217;lar, AQShdagi ko&#8217;l va Daryo, aholi punktlari, Grenlandiyadagi muzlik, tinch okeandagi dengiz oqimi, shuningdek, o&#8217;simliklar, mineral, oydagi krater va b. qo&#8217;yilgan. Berlin un-ti aka-uka Aleksandr va vil- gelm g.lar nomi b-n ataladi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gumboldt (Humboldt) Aleksandr (1769.14.9 &#8212; Berlin &#8212; 1859.6.5) &#8212; nemis tabiatshunosi, sayyoh, geograf. Berlin faning a&#8217;zosi (1800 y.dan), Peterburg faning faxriy a&#8217;zosi (1818 y.dan). Geogr.ning fan sifati- da rivojiga salmoqli &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/gumboldt-humboldt-aleksandr\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[210],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-132406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-g-harfi-2","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/132406","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=132406"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/132406\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":132415,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/132406\/revisions\/132415"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=132406"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=132406"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=132406"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}