Toynbi (Toynbee) Arnold Jozef (1889.14.4, London 1975.22.10, York) \u2014 ingliz tarixchisi, faylasuf va sosiolog. Oliy o’quv yurtida o’qituvchi va tashqi ishlar vazirligida xizmatchi bo’lib ishlash bilan birga juda ko’p safarlarga chiqib ibtidoiy jamiyatni o’rganish bilan shug’ullangan. 1922 y.dan insoniyat madaniyati taraqqiyoti umumiy tarixi ustida ishladi. Asosiy asari 12 j.li «Tarix tadqiqoti»ni yaratdi (1934\u2014 61). U bir-birining o’rniga keluvchi mahalliy tsivilizasiyalar «charxpalagi» haqidagi nazariyani ilgari surdi: mazkur tsivilizasiyalarning har biri vujudga kelish, o’sish, tanazzulga ketish va emirilish bosqichlarini o’taydi; ular rivojlanishining harakatlantiruvchi kuchi o’z ortidan «loqayd ko’pchilik»ni ergashtiruvchi «ijodiy elita»dir; insoniyat taraqqiyoti ma’naviy barkamollikda, oddiy animistik e’tikrdlardan universal dinlar orkali kelajakning yagona dini sari bo’ladigan evolyusiyadadir. T. jamiyatdagi ziddiyat va nizolarga ma’naviy yangilanish barham beradi, deb hisobladi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Toynbi (Toynbee) Arnold Jozef (1889.14.4, London 1975.22.10, York) \u2014 ingliz tarixchisi, faylasuf va sosiolog. Oliy o’quv yurtida o’qituvchi va tashqi ishlar vazirligida xizmatchi bo’lib ishlash bilan birga juda ko’p safarlarga … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[187],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-133465","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-t-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133465","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=133465"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133465\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":133471,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133465\/revisions\/133471"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=133465"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=133465"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=133465"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}