Genom (nem. Genom) \u2014 xromosoma- lar (unda joylashgan genlar b-n birga) gaploid to’plami; individ genetik tuzi- lishining asosiy elementlari majmui. «G.»terminini fanga nemis biologi g. Vinkler kiritgan (1920). Gaplofazada har bir hujayra bitta g.ga, diplofazada esa ikkita g.ga ega bo’lib, zigota hosil bo’lishida ularning biri erkak, ikkin- chisi urg’ochi gametalardan o’tgan bo’ladi. G. asosiy genetik va fiziologik sistema- larni o’zida namoyon qilib, uning genetic jihatdan mukammalligi normal gameta va zigotalarning hosil bo’lish zamini- dir. Hayotchan, ammo qisman hosildor poliploid formalar kamida bir juft gomologik g.ga ega bo’lishi shart; qolgan xromosomalar bo’yicha turli chetlanish- lar bo’lishi mu.mkin, bu esa rivojla- nishga deyarli ta’sir ko’rsatmaydi. Agar kon’yugasiyalanuvchi (gomologik xromo- somalarning yaqinlashuvchi) xromosoma- lardagi genlarning chiziqli joylashi- shi aynan o’xshash bo’lsa, u holda ikkala G. mutlaqo o’xshash (gomologik) bo’ladi. Chala gomologik g.da duplikasiya (xromo- Soma uchastkasining ikki hissa ortishi) hamda deleniya (xromosoma uchastkalari- ning etishmasligi) natijasida yuz bera- digan resiprok translokasiya (xromoso- maning ikki uchastkasi o’zaro o’rin Alma- shadi) va inversiya (xromosoma uchastkasi holatining o’zgarishi) tufayli barcha yoki ayrim kon’yugasiyalanuvchi xromosoma- larning qisman aynan o’xshashligi kuza- tiladi. Segmentli aynan o’xshashlik b-n xromosoma kon’yugasiyasining tipi va darajasi, shuningdek urug’lanish mikdo- ri aniqlanadi. Euploidiya (bir butun g. normal sonining ortishi) va aneuploi- diya (xromosomalar sonining xromosoma- ning karrali normal gaploid to’plamiga teng bo’lmagan holdagi o’zgarishi) G.li mutasiyalarta olib keladi. Abduqodir Ergashev.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Genom (nem. Genom) \u2014 xromosoma- lar (unda joylashgan genlar b-n birga) gaploid to’plami; individ genetik tuzi- lishining asosiy elementlari majmui. «G.»terminini fanga nemis biologi g. Vinkler kiritgan (1920). Gaplofazada har … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[210],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-134741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-g-harfi-2","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134741","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=134741"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134741\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":134742,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134741\/revisions\/134742"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=134741"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=134741"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=134741"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}