{"id":135242,"date":"2024-06-16T12:29:21","date_gmt":"2024-06-16T09:29:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=135242"},"modified":"2024-06-16T12:29:22","modified_gmt":"2024-06-16T09:29:22","slug":"gyote-goethe-yoxann-volfgang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/gyote-goethe-yoxann-volfgang\/","title":{"rendered":"Gyote (Goethe) Yoxann Volfgang"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Gyote (Goethe) Yoxann Volfgang (1749.28.8, Frankfurtmayn \u2014 1832.22.3, Veymar) \u2014 nemis yozuvchisi va mutafak- kiri. Yangi davr nemis adabiyotining asoschisi. Ijodi 18-a.ning 70-80-y. lari Germaniyada mavjud bo&#8217;lgan &#171;bo&#8217;ron va hujum&#187; adabiy harakatida ishtirok etishdan boshlangan. Shu davrda g. &#171;GES fon Berlixingen&#187; (1773), &#171;Prometey&#187; (1773) kabi dramalar va lirik she&#8217;rlar yaratdi. G. adabiy faoliyatining ilk dav- riga mansub &#171;yosh Verterning iztirobla- ri&#187; (1774) romani o&#8217;sha davr nemis ada- biyotida katta voqea bo&#8217;ldi. Asarda ilg&#8217;or nemis yoshlar avlodining ijtimoiy fo- jiasi o&#8217;z aksini topgan. 1786-88 y.larda G. Italiyaga safar qiladi. Shu davrda u &#171;Ifigeniya Tavridda&#187; (1779\u2014 81), &#171;Eg- Mont&#187; (1788), &#171;Torkvato Tasso&#187; (1780\u2014 89) kabi dramalar yozadi. &#171;She&#8217;riyat va haqiqat&#187; avtobiografik kitobi (1811\u2014 33), &#171;Vilxelm Maysterning o&#8217;qish yillari&#187; (1793-96), &#171;Vilxelm may- sterning darbadarlik yillari&#187; (1821\u2014 29) romanlarida inson b-n jamiyat o&#8217;rtasidagi munosabat masalasi aks etgan. G. Sharq mamlakatlari tarixi, madani- yati, adabiyotini chuqur o&#8217;rganadi, Fir- Davsiy, Farididdin Attor, Rumiy, Nizomiy, Sa&#8217;diy, Hofiz, Jomiy kabi shoirlar ijodi b-n tanishadi. Bu payt- da Ibn Sino, Ulug&#8217;bek, Alisher Navoiy ijodlaridan namunalar nemis tili- ga tarjima qilingan edi. G. &#171;Mag&#8217;ribu mashriq devoni&#187;ni (1814-19) Sharq she&#8217;riyatidan ilhomlanib yozgan. De- von &#171;Mug&#8217;anniynoma&#187;, &#171;Hofiznoma&#187;, &#171;Ishqnoma&#187;, &#171;Tafriqnoma&#187;, &#171;Ranj- noma&#187;, &#171;Hikmatnoma&#187;, &#171;Zulayxono- ma&#187;, &#171;Temurnoma&#187;, &#171;Soqiynoma&#187;, &#171;Matalnoma&#187;, &#171;Forsiynoma&#187;, &#171;Xul- dnoma&#187; kabi 12 bo&#8217;limdan iborat. De- vonda &#171;bulbul&#187;, &#171;hur&#187;, &#171;fatvo&#187;, &#171;mug&#8217;anniy&#187;, &#171;mufti&#187;, &#171;tilsim&#187;, &#171;Mir- zo&#187;, &#171;darvesh&#187; kabi so&#8217;zlarni asliyat- da qo&#8217;llaydi. G.ning &#171;Faust&#187; fojia- si (1768-1832) jahon adabiyotidagi shoh asarlardan hisoblanadi. Bu asar G.ning butun ijodiy faoliyati davomi- dagi izlanishlarining samarasi bo&#8217;ldi. G. falsafa, huquqshunoslik, bota- Nika, geol., geodeziya sohalariga oid asarlar ham yaratgan. G. she&#8217;rlarini o&#8217;zbek tiliga tarji- ma qilish 20-a.ning yigirmanchi yil- laridan boshlangan (Cho&#8217;lpon, Oybek, Shayx-Zoda va b.). Keyinchalik G.ning &#171;Faust&#187; (Erkin Voxidov tarjima- si, 1972-75), &#171;Mag&#8217;ribu mashriq de- voni&#187; (S. Salim Buxoriy tarjimasi, 1985-90), &#171;yosh Verterning iztirobla- ri&#187; (ya. Egamova tarjimasi, 1975) kabi asarlari o&#8217;zbek tilida nashr etilgan. G. ijodi haqida o&#8217;zbek adabiyotshunos va tanqidchilari (V. Zohidov, I. G&#8217;afurov, O. Olloberganov, Ya. Egamova, Poshali Usmon ugli va b.) adabiy-tanqidiy MAK- rlalar yozishgan. Germaniyaning ma&#8217;ri- fiy-madaniy tadqiqotlar olib boruvchi nufuzli markazi g. nomi b-n ataladi. Gyote in-tining filiallari jahonning 78 mamlakatida, shu jumladan Toshkent- da ham faoliyat ko&#8217;rsatmoqda (1998 y.dan). As: Faust, 1\u2014 2-kitob, T., 1972-1975; Yosh Verterning iztiroblari (roman), T., 1975; &#171;Mag&#8217;ribu mashriq devoni&#187;, T., 1998.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gyote (Goethe) Yoxann Volfgang (1749.28.8, Frankfurtmayn \u2014 1832.22.3, Veymar) \u2014 nemis yozuvchisi va mutafak- kiri. Yangi davr nemis adabiyotining asoschisi. Ijodi 18-a.ning 70-80-y. lari Germaniyada mavjud bo&#8217;lgan &#171;bo&#8217;ron va hujum&#187; &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/gyote-goethe-yoxann-volfgang\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[210],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-135242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-g-harfi-2","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135242","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=135242"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135242\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":135259,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135242\/revisions\/135259"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=135242"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=135242"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=135242"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}