Abu Muslim (laqabi; boshqa laqablari Abo Muslim, Abu Muslim Xurosoniy, Abu Muslim Marbaziy; asl ismi Abdurahmon) (taxminan 727, Isfahon-755, Madoyin) Xuroson va Movarounnahrda umaviylar sulolasiga qarshi harakat rahbari. Ba\u2019zi manbalarga ko\u2019ra, Abu Muslim abbosiylarning Kufadagi targ\u2019ibotchilaridan Iso as-Sarrojning, boshqa manbalarga qaraganda, Isfagon viloyatida yashovchi yirik zamindor arabning quli bo\u2019lgan. 738 yil xo\u2019jayini Kufa qamoqxonasiga tashlangan paytda, Abu Muslim uning xizmatida bo\u2019la turib As-Sarroj bilan tanishgan va uning topshiriqlarini bajargan. Keyinchalik abbosiylarning Xurosondagi targ\u2019ibotchilari rahbari Abu Salamaga sotilgan (yoxud berilgan). 744 yil boshida u bilan birga Xurosoga kelgan. Alaviylardan Ibrohim ibn Muhammadga ma\u2019qul kelgani tufayli unga tuhfa qilingan. Ibrohim uni ozod qilib, Abdurahmon deb ism qo\u2019ygan va o\u2019ziga yaqin tutgan. 747 yil martda Ibrohim Abu Muslimni umaviylarga qarshi tayyorlanayotgan harakatga rahbarlik qilish uchun Xurosonga o\u2019zining shaxsiy vakili sifatida jo\u2019natgan. May oyida u Marv vohasiga yetib kelib, bir oy ichida bir necha ming tarafdorlarini to\u2019plagan. Qullarga ozodlik berilishini va\u2019da qilgan. Xuroson noibi Nasr ibn Sayyor qo\u2019shinlari ustidan g\u2019alaba qilib, 748 yil boshida Marvni egallagan. Shu yerdan turib, Xuroson va Movarounnahrning egallanishiga rahbarlik qilgan. Marvda ko\u2019pgina qurilish ishlarini olib borgan, ilk bor xutbani o\u2019tirib emas, balki minbarda turib o\u2019qigan. Abu Muslimning hukmronlik davri notinch bo\u2019lgan: 750 yilda umaviylar o\u2019rniga kelgan abbosiylar sulolasidan norozi bo\u2019lgan Buxoro arablari qo\u2019zg\u2019olon ko\u2019targan va Movarounnahrning ko\u2019pgina hokimlari xalifalikdan ajralib chiqqan. Abu Muslim Samarqandgacha borib, uning istehkomlarini yangilagan va Movarounnahrga egalik qilish uchun kurash boshlagan. 751 yil iylda uning sarkardasi Ziyod ibn Solih Taroz yonida Xitoy qo\u2019shinini tor-mor keltirgan va bu bilan abbosiylarning Sirdaryo ortidagi hududlariga egalik qilishini ta\u2019minlagan. 752 boshida Abu Muslim Marvga qaytib kelgan. Biroq oz fursatdan so\u2019ng Movarounnahr noibi etib tayinlangan Ziyod isyon ko\u2019targan va Abu Muslim yana Amudaryoni kechib o\u2019tishiga to\u2019g\u2019ri kelgan. Abu Muslim qudratining oshib borayotgani abbosiylarni xavotirga solgan va uni yo\u2019qotish payiga tushishgan. 754 yil may-iyunda Abu Muslim hajga borish uchun Xurosonni tark etgan. Shu paytda As-Saffoh vafot etib, xalifalik taxtiga Al-Mansur o\u2019tirgan. Mansurning hokimiyatini amakisi-Vizantiyaga yurish qilgan qo\u2019shin qo\u2019mondoni Abdulloh tan olmagan. Abu Muslim isyonchini tor-mor keltirgan (754 yil noyabr) va katta o\u2019ljani qo\u2019lga tushirgan. Mansur o\u2019ljani talab qilgan, bundan g\u2019azablangan Abu Muslim Xurosonga qaytgan. Biroq xalifa uni yo\u2019ldan qoldirib, Madoyin shahriga muzokaraga kelishiga erishgan. Abu Muslim shu yerda 755 yil 12 fevral (yoxud 27 yanvar)da xalifa qabulida bo\u2019lgan chog\u2019ida o\u2019ldirilgan. Sakkiz yillik faol diniy-siyosiy faoliyati davrida Abu Muslim mutaassib \u201cashaddiy\u201d shialar ta\u2019limotiga yoki imomatlikka yaqinlashmagan bo\u2019lsa ham, uning o\u2019limi zamonaviy mazdakiylar, shialarning bir qancha qo\u2019zg\u2019olonchilarini keltirib chiqargan. Shialarning ayrim firqalari uni imom deb e\u2019lon qilgan, abumuslimiya firqasi paydo bo\u2019lgan. Bularning so\u2019nggi aks-sadosi Muqanna qo\u2019zg\u2019oloni hisoblanadi. Abu Muslim haqida Marvda udum bo\u2019lgan rivoyat, afsonalar keyinchalik fors tilida (uning turkiycha variant ham bor) yozilgan xalq romani-\u201cQissai Abu Muslim\u201d (o\u2019zbekcha \u201cAbu Muslim jangnomasi\u201d)ga asos bo\u2019lgan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Abu Muslim (laqabi; boshqa laqablari Abo Muslim, Abu Muslim Xurosoniy, Abu Muslim Marbaziy; asl ismi Abdurahmon) (taxminan 727, Isfahon-755, Madoyin) Xuroson va Movarounnahrda umaviylar sulolasiga qarshi harakat rahbari. Ba\u2019zi manbalarga … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":152644,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[977],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-152763","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-harfiga-oid-islomga-oid-ensiklopediya","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/152763","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=152763"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/152763\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":152764,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/152763\/revisions\/152764"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/152644"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=152763"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=152763"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=152763"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}