DOG’ISTON TILLARI — Kavkaz (iber-Kavkaz) tillarinkit eng ko’p tarmoqli guruhi. Mazkur tilda so’zlashuvchi elatlar Dog’iston, shim. Ozarbayjon, Gruziyaning ayrim joylari, Checheniston, Ingushiya hududlarida tarqalgan. Dog\u2019iston tillari tillar guruhi va ayrim tillarga bo’linadi: 1) avar-anddidoy (tsez) guruhi. Bu guruhga avar, and, Botlix, karatin, axvax, bagulal, tindin, chamalin, godoberi, didoy (tsez, xvarshi, ginux, bejitin yoki kapichu, gunzib) tillari kiradi; 2) lak tili; 3) darg’in tili. Bu tillar bir-biridan keskin farq qiluvchi bir necha dialektlarga bo’linadi (bularning ba’zilari (masalan, Kubachi, qay tog’) ga, hatto alohida til sifatida qaralgan); 4) lazgin tillari guruhi (lazgin, tabasaran, og’ul, rutul, tsaxur, kriz yoki Jek, budux, xinalug, udin, archin); 5) tat tili. Bu tillar tarkibida lahja va shevalar ham mavjud. Dog\u2019iston tillari ichida faqat avar, lak, darg’in, lazgin va tabasaran tillarigina yozuvga ega (1917 yildan so’ng yuzaga kelgan). Avval bular yozuvi Arab alifbosiga asoslangan, 1928-38 yillarda lotin grafikasiga o’tgan, 1938 yildan boshlab kirill alifbosi asosida. O’ziga xos tovushlarni ifodlash maqsadida «‘», «\u044c», «i» belgilari qo’shib foydalaniladi. Dog\u2019iston tillari bo’yicha ilk ma’lumotlar 18-asr oxirlarida paydo bo’la boshlaydi. 19-asr 2-yarmida P. K. Uslarning Dog’istondagi yirik elatlar tiliga bag’ishlangan ishlari nashr etiladi. 20-asr boshlarida A. M. Dirr ba’zi Dog\u2019iston tillarini tavsifini beradi. 20-asr 20-yillaridan boshlab Dog\u2019iston tillari (grammatikasi, lug’ati, dialektlari tavsifi, qiyosiy-tarixiy tadqiqi) har tomonlama o’rganila boshlandi. Dog\u2019iston tillari fonetik va grammatik qurilishi o’ziga xos jihatlari bilan ajralib turadi. Talaffuzda murakkab consonant tovushlar \u2014 lateral, uvilyar bo’g’iz va hiqildoqda hosil bo’ladigan undoshlar mavjud. Grammatikasi uchun ergotiv tuzilmalar, ko’p miqdordagi o’rin kelishigi, ko’pchiligiga 2 dan to 4 tagacha ot kategoriyasi xos.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
DOG’ISTON TILLARI — Kavkaz (iber-Kavkaz) tillarinkit eng ko’p tarmoqli guruhi. Mazkur tilda so’zlashuvchi elatlar Dog’iston, shim. Ozarbayjon, Gruziyaning ayrim joylari, Checheniston, Ingushiya hududlarida tarqalgan. Dog\u2019iston tillari tillar guruhi va ayrim … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16402,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[116],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24414","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-d-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24414","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24414"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24414\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24422,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24414\/revisions\/24422"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16402"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24414"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24414"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24414"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}