O’zbek tilidagi manbalarda ham «toshbosma», ham «litografiya» deb yuritiladigan litografiya \u2014 1797 yilda Aloiz Zenefeld tomonidan ixtiro qilingan tosh yuzadan chop etish usuli. Ixtironing mazmun-mohiyati quyidagilarda mujassamlashgan: tasvir maxsus to’q bo’yoq bilan qoplamali tosh yuzaga tushiriladi. Rasm tushirilganidan keyin yuza kuchsiz azot kislotasi aralashmasi bilan kuydiriladi, so’ngra esa g’o’lacha yordamida bo’yoq suriladi. Bo’yoq faqat tasvir bilan to’silmagan joylargagina tushadi. Bu usul sathiy-tekis bosma nomini olgan va tosh yuzasidan qayta-qayta foydalanish imkoniyati mavjudlagi uchun bag\u2019oyat qulaydir. Litografiya keng tarqaldi va tasviriy san’at janrlaridan biriga aylandi. Moybo’yoq va akvarel bilan suvrat chizgan ko’pgina rassomlar iste’dodli litograflar ham bo’lishgan. Masalan, mashhur fransuz musavviri Ejen Delakrua Gyotening «Fauet» dostoniga litografiya bezaklari turkumini chizib bergan. Rus rassomlari \u2014 Kiprenskiy, Repin, Shishkinlarning litografiyalari ham unikidan qolishmaydi. Ajablanarli, lekin ba’zida rassom ijodining bir jihati \u2014 u moybo’yoq bilan chizgani yoki ajoyib portretchi bo’lganligi haqida bilishadi, xolos. Vaholanki, ulardan ayrimlari litografiya janrida ham asarlar yaratgan universal mo’yqalam sohiblari bo’lishgan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
O’zbek tilidagi manbalarda ham «toshbosma», ham «litografiya» deb yuritiladigan litografiya \u2014 1797 yilda Aloiz Zenefeld tomonidan ixtiro qilingan tosh yuzadan chop etish usuli. Ixtironing mazmun-mohiyati quyidagilarda mujassamlashgan: tasvir maxsus to’q … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":657,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2880","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilasizmi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2880","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2880"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2880\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2881,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2880\/revisions\/2881"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/657"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2880"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2880"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2880"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}