{"id":28832,"date":"2022-06-04T08:03:49","date_gmt":"2022-06-04T05:03:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=28832"},"modified":"2022-06-04T08:03:49","modified_gmt":"2022-06-04T05:03:49","slug":"tagor-rabindranat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/tagor-rabindranat\/","title":{"rendered":"TAGOR RABINDRANAT"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>TAGOR RABINDRANAT (Thakur Robindranath; 1861.7.5 \u2014 Kalkutta \u2014 1941.7.8) \u2014 hind yozuvchisi va jamoat arbobi. Bengal tilida ijod qilgan. Kalkutta va London untlarida o&#8217;qigan (1878-80). Angliyada chiqadigan &#171;Gya-nankur&#187; va &#171;Bharati&#187; jurnalilarida dastlabki she&#8217;r, Doston va makrlalari bosilgan (1875 yildan). Vataniga qaytgach (1880), &#171;Valmika dahosi&#187; (1881) musiqali dramasini yozgan. Ilk she&#8217;riy tuplami \u2014 &#171;oqshom qo&#8217;shiqlari&#187; (1882) panteistik ruvda. &#171;Tabiat intiqomi&#187; (1883) pesasi, &#171;tonggi qo&#8217;shiqlar&#187; (1883), &#171;suratlar va qo&#8217;shiqlar&#187; (1884) she&#8217;riy to&#8217;plamlarida pok muhabbat ulug&#8217;langan. &#171;Bibha sohili&#187; (1883) va &#171;donishmand Raja&#187; (1886) tarixiy romanlarida zulm va adolatsizlik qoralangan. Tagor 1884-1911 yillarda &#171;Brahma Samaj&#187; diniy-ma&#8217;rifiy jamiyatining kotibi vazifasida ishlagan. Hindiston Milliy Kongressining 2kongressi (1886) ishlarida faol qatnashgan. Uning &#171;Chitra&#187; (1896), &#171;Lahza&#187; (1900) she&#8217;riy to&#8217;plamlari, &#171;Raja va raniy&#187; (1889), &#171;qurbonlik&#187; (1890), &#171;Chitrangoda&#187; (1892), &#171;Malini&#187; (1895) falsafiy dramalari va &#171;hisoblar&#187; (1891), &#171;jazo&#187; (1893), &#171;Nur va soyalar&#187; (1894) kabi hikoyalarida hind xalqining ingliz mustamlakachilariga qarshi kurashi tasvirlangan. &#171;Shadhoda&#187; jurnali ida siyosiy va ijtimoiy maqolalari chop etilgan. Kalkutta yaqinidagi Shantiniketonda maktab ochib, o&#8217;qituvchilik qilgan. 20-yillarda Vishvabg&#8217;arati untiga asos solgan. &#171;Ko&#8217;zga tushgan cho&#8217;p&#187; (1902), &#171;halokat&#187; (1905) romanlari va &#171;buzilgan uya&#187; (1903) qissasi bilan Bengal adabiyotida maishiypsixologik roman janrini boshlab berdi. 1902 yil Tagorning xotini, otasi, o&#8217;g&#8217;li olamdan o&#8217;tadi. Uning bu musibat va iztiroblari &#171;Xotira&#187; (1903), &#171;farzand&#187; (1903), &#171;parom&#187; (1906) she&#8217;riy to&#8217;plamlarida aks ettirilgan. &#171;Gora&#187; romani (1907-10), &#171;qasos&#187; (1905) dramasi va &#171;pochta&#187; (1912), &#171;konservatizm qal&#8217;asi&#187; (1912) pyesalarida Tagor Hindistondagi barcha millat vakillarini, ular qaysi tabaqa va diniy mazhabdan bo&#8217;lishidan qat&#8217;i nazar, ozodlik uchun kurashda yagona ittifoqqa birlashishga da&#8217;vat etadi. Uning &#171;Xalq qalbi&#187; nomli qo&#8217;shig&#8217;i (1911) Hindiston Respublikasining, vatanparvarlik haqidagi &#171;mening oltin Bengaliyam&#187; qo&#8217;shig&#8217;i (1913) esa Bangladesh Xalq Respublikasining milliy gimniga aylangan. &#171;Gitanjali&#187; (&#171;Baxshida qo&#8217;shikdar&#187;, 1910) she&#8217;riy to&#8217;plami uchun unga nufuzli mukofot berilgan. &#171;Turnalar parvozi&#187; (1914-16) she&#8217;riy turkumi shoirning G&#8217;arb mamlakatlariga qilgan safari, 1-jahon urushi va insoniyat taqtsiri haqidagi o&#8217;ylarini aks ettirgan. &#171;To&#8217;rt hayot&#187; (1916) qissasi, &#171;Xonadon va jahon&#187; (1915-16) romani milliy ozodlik harakati voqealariga bag&#8217;ishlangan. 30-yillarda T.ning siyosiy qarashlari yanada o&#8217;sadi, u o&#8217;z ijodida milliy ozodlik harakatiga e&#8217;tibor qaratadi. Bu davrda &#171;intiho haqida Doston&#187; (1929), &#171;to&#8217;rt qism&#187; (1934) romanlari, &#171;yaproqlar&#187; (1936), &#171;tungi sham&#187; (1938), &#171;so&#8217;nggi she&#8217;rlar&#187; (1941) she&#8217;riy to&#8217;plamlari nashr etildi. Tagor 30-yillarda badiiy asarlar bilan bir qatorda ko&#8217;plab darsliklar, falsafa va din bo&#8217;yicha ilmiy risolalar yozdi, milliy ozodlik harakati masalalarini adabiyotda yanada kengroq yoritishga katta e&#8217;tibor berdi, hind she&#8217;riyatida yangi siyosiy janrni yaratdi (&#171;Afrika&#187;, 1936; &#171;Budda ixlosmandlari&#187;, 1937 va boshqlar). Tagor ijodi, hozirgi Bengal adabiy tilining shakllanishida, she&#8217;riyatning yangi shakl va mazmun bilan boyishida xal kiluvchi rol o&#8217;ynagan. U o&#8217;z she&#8217;rlariga musiqa bastalab, ommaviy qo&#8217;shiqpar yaratgan. Asarlari jahonning ko&#8217;p tillariga tarjima qilingan. Tagorning &#171;halokat&#187; romani asosida tayyorlangan &#171;Gang daryosining qizi&#187; dramasi (1956) va &#171;pochta&#187; pyesasi (1961) hozirgi O&#8217;zbek milliy teatrida sahnalashtirilgan. &#171;Uzbekfilm&#187; kinostudiyasi &#171;Gang daryosining qizi&#187; filmini yaratgan (1961). 8 jildli asarlar to&#8217;plami (1958-65) o&#8217;zbek tilida nashr etilgan. Nobel mukofoti laureati (1913). Ad.: Hoshimov I., Rabindranat Tagor (hayot va ijodiy yo&#8217;li), T., 1961; ko&#8217;zga tushgan cho&#8217;p, T., 1973. Sa&#8217;dulla Yo&#8217;ldoshev, Ulfatxon Muhibova.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>TAGOR RABINDRANAT (Thakur Robindranath; 1861.7.5 \u2014 Kalkutta \u2014 1941.7.8) \u2014 hind yozuvchisi va jamoat arbobi. Bengal tilida ijod qilgan. Kalkutta va London untlarida o&#8217;qigan (1878-80). Angliyada chiqadigan &#171;Gya-nankur&#187; va &#171;Bharati&#187; &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/tagor-rabindranat\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16402,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[187],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28832","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-t-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28832","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28832"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28832\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28835,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28832\/revisions\/28835"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16402"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28832"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28832"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28832"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}