{"id":32269,"date":"2022-10-25T12:53:10","date_gmt":"2022-10-25T09:53:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/?p=32269"},"modified":"2022-10-25T12:53:11","modified_gmt":"2022-10-25T09:53:11","slug":"iqto","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/iqto\/","title":{"rendered":"IQTO"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>IQTO, iqto&#8217;, iqta (Arab.) \u2014 Movarounnahr, yaqin va O&#8217;rta Sharq mamlakatlarida o&#8217;rta asrlarda hukmdor tomonidan katta xizmatlari evaziga in&#8217;om qilingan chek yer. Iqto egasi iqtodor deb atalgan. Iqto haqida dastlabki ma&#8217;lumotlar 7-asr oxiriga mansub Arab manbalarida uchraydi. Hukmdor Iqtoni istagan vaqtida qaytarib olib boshqa kishiga tortiq qilishi ham mumkin bo&#8217;lgan. 9-asrda xalifa tomonidan amirga idora qilish uchun berilgan viloyatlar ham Iqto deb atala boshlangan. Abu Abdullo Xorazmiy Iqtoning kelib chiqishini izohlab, &#171;Mafotix ul-ulum&#187; (&#171;Ilmlarning kalitlari&#187;) asarida bunday deb yozadi: &#171;Sulton tomonidan biror kishiga tortiq qilib berilgan yer Iqto deb ataladi va uning mulki bo&#8217;lib qoladi&#187;. Iqto yerlari davlat mulki hisoblangan. 10-asrdan boshlab xususiy mulkka aylana boshlagan. Amir o&#8217;zi hukmronlik qilayotgan ushbu viloyatlar Solig&#8217;ini butunlay yoki qisman o&#8217;zlashtirish huquqiga ega bo&#8217;lgan. Iqto 9-13-asrda Movarounnahr va Eronda ham (Saljuqiylar, Qoraxoniylar va Hulokuiylar davrida) keng tarqalgan. Temuriplar davrida Iqto o&#8217;rnida tiul va suyurg&#8217;ol, Boburiylar davrida esa jogir atamalari qo&#8217;llangan. Ad.: Nizom ul mulk, Siyosatnoma, T., 1997; Hofiz tanish al-Buxoriy, Abdul- lanoma, 1-2-j.lar, T., 1999, 2000.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>IQTO, iqto&#8217;, iqta (Arab.) \u2014 Movarounnahr, yaqin va O&#8217;rta Sharq mamlakatlarida o&#8217;rta asrlarda hukmdor tomonidan katta xizmatlari evaziga in&#8217;om qilingan chek yer. Iqto egasi iqtodor deb atalgan. Iqto haqida dastlabki &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/iqto\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16402,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[199],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32269","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-i-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32269","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32269"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32269\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32273,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32269\/revisions\/32273"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16402"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32269"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32269"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32269"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}