IBN MOJID, Shihobuddin Ahmad ibn Mojid as-Sa’diy annajdiy (taxminan 1440, Julfor \u2014 16 asr boshi) \u2014 mashhur Arab dengizchisi (darg’asi), dengizda Suzish ilmining nazariyotchisi. Umrining 40 yildan ortiq qismini Hind okeanida kema xizmatida o’tkazgan. Uning ajdodlari ham dengizchi bo’lishgan. Portugal dengizchisi Vasko da Gama boshchiligidagi kemalarni 1498 yilda Afrikaning Sharqiy sohilidan Hindistonning kojikode (Kolikut) shahriga borishida Arabiston dengizida yo’l ko’rsatuvchi bo’lgan. Ibn Mojid o’z davridagi bilimlarni yaxshi egallagan va o’zi ham qirqqa yaqin asar yozgan. Ular asosan, nazmda, biroq eng yirik asarlaridan biri \u2014 «kitob al- favoid Fi usul ilm al-baxr va-lqavoil» («Dengizchilik ilmi va qoidalari asoslariga oid foydali ma’lumotlar Kitobi») nasrda yozilgan. Asarda Arab dengizchilarining kemalarni Zanjibar va Madagaskar orollaridan Tayvan va Indoneziyaning olis orollarigacha olib borgan marshrutlari, kemani boshqarishning boy nazariy va amaliy masalalari hamda muallifning ko’p yillik dengizchilik tajribasidan hosil bo’lgan xulosalar (dengizchilik tarixi, kema boshqaruvchisiga qo’yiladigan talablar, shamollar yo’nalishi, kemalar suzadigan yo’nalishlar, musson shamollari, yirik orollar va hokazolar) o’rin olgan. Kemani boshqarishda quyosh, oy va yulduzlar holatini e’tiborga olish, kompasdan foydalanish, shamollarning esish paytlari va yo’nalishlarini bilish, Hind okeani, undagi orollar va sohillari tavsifi va hokazolaar bayon qilingan. Nazmda yozilgan yirik asarlaridan biri «Hoviiyot al-ixtisorfi usul ilm al-bihor» («Dengiz ilmi asoslarining muxtasar dostoni») ming baytlik katta urjuzadan iborat (1462 yil yozib tugatilgan). Ibn Mojid asarlarida kemalarning, asosan Qizil dengiz, Fors qo’ltig’i, Hind okeanida suzish yo’nalishlari tavsiflangan, ularda o’sha davrning dengiz astronomiyasiga oid deyarli barcha bilimlar mujassamlangan. U dengizchilik fani bobida qo’llanmalar yaratgan birinchi yirik olim sifatida ma’lum. Ibn Mojid va boshqa Arab dengizchilarining tajribalari Yevropaliklarning Hind okeanidagi kema qatnovida juda katta yordam bergan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
IBN MOJID, Shihobuddin Ahmad ibn Mojid as-Sa’diy annajdiy (taxminan 1440, Julfor \u2014 16 asr boshi) \u2014 mashhur Arab dengizchisi (darg’asi), dengizda Suzish ilmining nazariyotchisi. Umrining 40 yildan ortiq qismini Hind … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32566,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[199],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33505","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-i-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33505","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33505"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33505\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33509,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33505\/revisions\/33509"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32566"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33505"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33505"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33505"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}