Akademiya (yunoncha Akademos)-ko\u2019pgina ilmiy muassasa, jamoat tashkilotlari, o\u2019quv yurtlarining nomi. Miloddan avvalgi IV asrda Platon (Aflotun) asos solgan yunon falsafiy maktabi, Afina yaqinidagi joy ham uning nomi bilan atalgan. Sharq mamlakatlari Akademiya tarzidagi muassasa va jamiyatlar VIII-IX asrlarda tarkib topa boshlagan. Xususan, arab xalifaligida Horun ar-Rashid hukmronligi davrida (786-809)da \u201cBayt ul-hikmat\u201d (Hikmat xonasi)ga asos solinib, xalifa Ma\u2019mun hukmronligi davri (813-833)da \u201cBayt ul-hikmat\u201dning faoliyati yanada rivoj topgan, uning rasadxonasi va katta kutubxonasi bo\u2019lgan (buyuk matematik Muso Xorazmiy va astronom Ahmad Farg\u2019oniy shu yerda ishlagan). 1010 yili Urganchda Ma\u2019mun Akademiyasiga asos solingan. Amir Temur tomonidan Samarqandda to\u2019plangan olim, yozuvchi, me\u2019morlar fan va madaniyat taraqqiyotiga munosib hissa qo\u2019shganlar. Ulug\u2019bek madrasasi va rasadxonasi ham o\u2019z davrining Akademiyasidir; XV asrning 2-yarmida ilmiy va madaniy markazga aylangan Hirotda Navoiy atrofida olim, yozuvchi, rassom, sozanda va boshqalardan tarkib topgan o\u2019ziga xos ilmiy va badiiy jamiyat yuzaga kelgan. Hirot miniatyura maktabini o\u2019rta asr Sharqida davlat tomonidan ta\u2019sis etilgan birinchi badiiy Akademiya deb hisoblash mumkin (Behzod shu Akademiyaning eng yirik vakilidir). XV-XVI asrlarda Yevropada (Italiyada) turli ilmiy jamiyatlar. Akademiya deb atala boshlagan; ularning faoliyati, asosan, ijtimoiy fanlar yo\u2019nalishida bo\u2019lgan. XVII asrda bir qancha ilmiy jamiyatlar — Akademiyalar tuzilib, ular, asosan, tabiatshunoslik masalalari bilan shug\u2019ullangan. XVII asrning 2-yarmidan davlat hokimiyati yordami bilan bir qancha mamlakatlarda milliy ilmiy markaz sifatidagi Akademiyalar tuzildi; masalan, Londondagi Qirollik jamiyati (1660), Parij FA (1666), Berlindagi Prussiya FA (1700), Peterburg FA (1724). Hozirgi vaqtda kompleks turdagi FA yoki ularga o\u2019xshash muassasalar ko\u2019p mamlakatlarda bor; bu mamlakatlarning aksarida fan yoki madaniyatning biror tarmog\u2019ini qamragan soha Akademiyalari ham mavjud.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Akademiya (yunoncha Akademos)-ko\u2019pgina ilmiy muassasa, jamoat tashkilotlari, o\u2019quv yurtlarining nomi. Miloddan avvalgi IV asrda Platon (Aflotun) asos solgan yunon falsafiy maktabi, Afina yaqinidagi joy ham uning nomi bilan atalgan. Sharq … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":55935,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[370],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-85826","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-harfiga-oid-tarixga-oid-ensiklopedik-atamalar","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85826","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=85826"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85826\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":85870,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85826\/revisions\/85870"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/55935"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=85826"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=85826"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=85826"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}