Yangi davr o\u2018zbek adabiyotining namoyandalaridan biri, shoir va dramaturg, bastakor va rejissyor, ma\u2019rifatparvar-pedagog va jamoat arbobi Hamza Hakimzoda Niyoziy 1889 yil 6 martda Qo\u2018qon shahrida tabib oilasida tug\u2018ildi. Hamza avval eski maktab va madrasalarda o\u2018qib, fors, arab tillarini, rus-tuzem maktabida esa rus tilini o\u2018rganishga muvaffaq bo\u2018lgan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hamzaning badiiy ijodga qiziqishi barvaqt boshlangan. Hamza 1903 \u2014 1914 yillar orasida Nihoniy taxallusi bilan 197 ta she\u2019r yozib, ularni qo\u2018lyozma devoni shakliga keltirgan. Bu devonni tashkil etgan she\u2019rlarida Hamza o\u2018zbek mumtoz adabiyoti an\u2019analarining davomchisi sifatida namoyon bo\u2018ladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U 1909 \u2014 1910 yillarda Toshkentda bo\u2018lganida Munavvar qori, A. Avloniy, S. Rahimiy singari ma\u2019rifatparvarlar bilan tanishib, ular ta\u2019sirida jadidchilik harakatiga kelib qo\u2018shiladi. Bu \u2014 uch yo\u2018l bilan amalga oshiriladi. Avvalo, Toshkent, Marg\u2018ilon va Qo\u2018qonda yangi usul maktablarini ochib, muallimlik qiladi. Qolaversa, mazkur maktablar uchun \u00abEngil adabiyot\u00bb, \u00abO\u2018qish kitobi\u00bb, \u00abQiroat kitobi\u00bb kabi darsliklar ham yaratadi. Va, nihoyat, o\u2018zining she\u2019r va dramalari, publitsistik maqolalarida o\u2018z xalqini ma\u2019rifatga chorlaydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1915 \u2014 1916 yillarda nashr etilgan \u00abMilliy ashulalar\u00bb uchun milliy she\u2019rlar majmuasi, \u00abOq gul\u00bb, \u00abQizil gul\u00bb, \u00abSariq gul\u00bb kabi she\u2019riy to\u2018plamlarida va \u00abYangi saodat\u00bb kabi nasriy asarlarida uning ma\u2019rifatparvarlik g\u2018oyalari to\u2018la namoyon bo\u2018lgan. Hamza shu davrda yozilgan \u00abYig\u2018la, Turkiston\u00bb, \u00abOqibatsiz Turkiston\u00bb, \u00abVatandoshlarimga xitob\u00bb, \u00abDardiga darmon istamas\u00bb kabi she\u2019rlarida xalqning \u00abruhsiz tandur, xanjar ursa qoni sochulmas\u00bb holiga kelganligidan oh-zor chekadi, uni xurofot va jaholat botqog\u2018idan chiqib, taraqqiy etgan xalqlar qatoridan o\u2018rin olishga da\u2019vat etadi. Shuningdek, \u00abIlm hidoyati\u00bb, \u00abNormuhammad domlaning kufr xatosi\u00bb, \u00abO\u2018ch\u00bb va \u00abZaharli hayot\u00bb kabi ilk dramalarida ham zulm va xurofotdan xalos bo\u2018lishning birdan-bir yo\u2018li ma\u2019rifatdadir, degan fikrni olg\u2018a surishga harakat qiladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hamza ijodida 1916 yilgi mardikorlikka olish voqealari ham o\u2018z aksini topadi. Uning \u00abSafsar gul\u00bb (1917) she\u2019riy to\u2018plami va \u00abLoshman fojeasi\u00bb (1916 \u2014 1918) trilogiyasi shu jihatdan muhimdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1917 yil fevral inqilobidan keyin Hamza dunyoqarashida o\u2018zgarish paydo bo\u2018lib, u goh ishchilar, goh muxtoriyatchilar tarafiga o\u2018tadi. Turkiston muxtoriyati tor-mor etilgandan keyin bolsheviklar tarafiga o\u2018tib, sayyor dramatik truppasi bilan fuqarolar urushi frontlarida xizmat qiladi va 1917 yilda yozgan \u00abBoy ila xizmatchi\u00bb dramasini hamda inqilobiy she\u2019rlarini yozadi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu davrda u \u00abKim to\u2018g\u2018ri\u00bb (1918), \u00abTuhmatchilar jazosi\u00bb (1918) singari pesalarini yozadi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Faoliyat doirasi benihoya keng bo\u2018lgan Hamza 20-yillarning boshlarida Xorazm Xalq Jumhuriyatiga borib, maktab va maorif ishlari bilan shug\u2018ullanadi. U yerdan qaytgach, faqat ijodiy ishlar bilan mashg\u2018ul bo\u2018lish istagida Avval qishlog\u2018iga boradi va dramatik ijodining gultoji bo\u2018lgan \u00abMaysaraning ishi\u00bb, \u00abParanji sirlari\u00bb (1926) asarlarini yaratadi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hamza 1928 yil avgust oyida Shohimardonga yuboriladi. U yerda madaniy-oqartuv ishlari, xotin-qizlar ozodligi masalalari bilan shug\u2018ullanadi. 1929 yil 18 martda u shu yerda fojeali halok bo\u2018ladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1926 yil 27 fevralida Hamzaga birinchilardan bo\u2018lib \u00abO\u2018zbekiston xalq yozuvchisi\u00bb unvoni berilgan. Hamza asarlari jahon xalqlari tillariga tarjima etilgan. Hamza Hakimzoda Niyoziy nomida shahar, tuman, maktab, ko\u2018cha, teatr, metro bekati va kutubxonalar bor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Yangi davr o\u2018zbek adabiyotining namoyandalaridan biri, shoir va dramaturg, bastakor va rejissyor, ma\u2019rifatparvar-pedagog va jamoat arbobi Hamza Hakimzoda Niyoziy 1889 yil 6 martda Qo\u2018qon shahrida tabib oilasida tug\u2018ildi. Hamza avval … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9198,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9193","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-adabiyot","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9193","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9193"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9193\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":163242,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9193\/revisions\/163242"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9193"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9193"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9193"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}