Lessing (Lessing) Gotxold Efraim (1729.22.1, Kaments, Saksoniya \u2014 1781.15.2, Braunshveyg) \u2014 nemis dramaturgi, san’at nazariyotchisi, adabiyotshunos, ma’rifatparvar. Nemis mumtoz adabiyotining asoschilaridan biri. Nemis maorifining radikal-demokratik yo’nalishiga boshchilik qilgan. Pastor oilasida tug’ilgan. Leypsig (1746-48) va Vittenberg (1748) universitetlarida ta’lim olgan. Lessing yozuvchi va jurnalist sifatida mutlaq hokimiyat mafkurasiga qarshi, ilg’or milliy madaniyat uchun kurashgan. U o’z umrini o’tab bo’lgan frantsuz klassisizmi qonun-qoidalariga ko’r-ko’rona rioya etishni tanqid qilib chiqqan. Klassisizmga qarshi kurashda Germaniyada birinchi «Sara Sampson xonim» (1755) oilaviy «meshchanlar» dramasini va milliy xarakterlari bo’lgan «Minna fon Barnxelm» (1767) komediyasini yozgan. «Emiliya Galotti» (1772) fojiasi Lessing ijodining cho’qqisidir. Unda feodal knyazlarning zo’ravonliklari qoralanadi. Lessing publitsistik faoliyatida ko’proq ma’rifatparvarlik masalalariga e’tibor berdi («Fossishe tsaytung» gazetasi bilan hamkorligi, 1751-55; «teatr kutubxonasi»ning nashr etilishi, 1754\u2014 58 va boshqalar). Lessingning muhim xizmati she’riyatning birinchi asosi sifatida («Laokoon», 1966) hayotni butun jo’shqinligi bilan va to’liq aks ettirish haqidagi ta’limotni olg’a surganida, realistik teatr va dramaning nazariy tamoyillarini himoya qilganligidadir. Lessingning teatr xususidagi qarashlari frantsuz ma’rifatparvari Deni Didro qarashlariga mos. Ular ikkisi ham teatr va dramaturgiyaning oddiy hamda haqqoniy bo’lishining tarafdori edi. Falsafada Lessing. Germaniyadagi materialistik an’analarning asoschilaridan biridir. 1888-1943 yillarda Berlinda «Lessing-teatr» mavjud bo’lgan. As: Laokoon ili o granisax jivopisi i poezii, M., 1957.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Lessing (Lessing) Gotxold Efraim (1729.22.1, Kaments, Saksoniya \u2014 1781.15.2, Braunshveyg) \u2014 nemis dramaturgi, san’at nazariyotchisi, adabiyotshunos, ma’rifatparvar. Nemis mumtoz adabiyotining asoschilaridan biri. Nemis maorifining radikal-demokratik yo’nalishiga boshchilik qilgan. Pastor oilasida … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":56191,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[223],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-98422","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-l-harfi","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ru","enabled_languages":["uz","kr","ru"],"languages":{"uz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98422","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=98422"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98422\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":98434,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98422\/revisions\/98434"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/56191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=98422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=98422"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliycha.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=98422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}